Polyanionic cellulose (PAC) imvura inonyungudika selulosi inobuda iyo inoshandiswa zvakanyanya muindasitiri yeoiri negasi, kunyanya mukugadzira fracturing fluid. Hydraulic fracturing, inowanzozivikanwa se fracking, inzira yekukurudzira inoshandiswa kuwedzera kubviswa kweoiri uye gasi rechisikigo kubva mumadhamu epasi pevhu. MaPAC anoita mabasa akasiyana-siyana akakosha mukugadzira uye kuitwa kwehydraulic fracturing mashandiro, achibatsira mukubudirira, kugadzikana uye kubudirira kwese kwemaitiro.
1. Nhanganyaya ye polyanionic cellulose (PAC):
Polyanionic cellulose inotorwa kubva ku cellulose, yakasikwa polymer inowanikwa muchirimwa sero madziro. Kugadzirwa kwePAC kunosanganisira kushandurwa kwekemikari ye cellulose, zvichikonzera anionic polymer inonyungudika nemvura. Hunhu hwayo hwakasiyana hunoita kuti ive yakakodzera kune dzakasiyana siyana dzekushandisa, kusanganisira sechinhu chakakosha mukugadzira fracturing fluid formulations.
2. Basa rePAC mukutsemuka mvura:
Kuwedzera PAC kune fracturing zvinwiwa zvinogona kushandura rheological zvimiro, kudzora kurasikirwa kwemvura, uye kunatsiridza kuita kwese kwemvura. Iro multifunctional properties inobatsira mukubudirira kwe hydraulic fracturing nenzira dzakawanda.
2.1 Rheological shanduko:
PAC inoita senge rheology modifier, inokanganisa viscosity uye kuyerera maitiro ezvinwiwa zvinoputika. Kudzora viscosity kwakakosha kune optimal proppant kuburitsa, kuve nechokwadi chekuti proppant inotakurwa zvinobudirira uye inoiswa mukati mekutsemuka kwakagadzirwa mukuumbwa kwedombo.
2.2 Kudzora kurasikirwa kwemvura:
Rimwe rematambudziko e hydraulic fracturing kudzivirira mvura yakawandisa kuti isarasike mukuumbwa. PAC inogona kunyatso kudzora kurasikirwa kwemvura uye kugadzira keke rekudzivirira refirita pane yakatyoka pamusoro. Izvi zvinobatsira kuchengetedza kutendeka kwekutyoka, kudzivirira kunyudzwa kwemukati uye kuve nechokwadi kuenderera mberi kubereka kwakanaka.
2.3 Kugadzikana kwetembiricha:
PAC tembiricha yakagadzikana, chinhu chakakosha muhydraulic fracturing mashandiro, ayo anowanzoda kuratidzwa kune akasiyana tembiricha. Kugona kwePAC kuchengetedza kushanda kwayo pasi pemamiriro ekushisa akasiyana-siyana kunopa kuvimbika uye kubudirira kweiyo fracturing process.
3. Chengetedzo yeformula:
Kubudirira kushandisa kwePAC mukutsemuka kwemvura kunoda kunyatsotariswa kwemagadzirirwo emaparamita. Izvi zvinosanganisira kusarudzwa kwePAC giredhi, kutarisisa, uye kuenderana nezvimwe zvinowedzera. Kudyidzana kuri pakati pePAC nezvimwe zvinoumba mvura inotsemuka, zvakaita semacross-linkers nemabreaker, zvinofanirwa kugadzirwa kuti zvinyatsoita.
4. Mafungiro ezvakatipoteredza nekutonga:
Sezvo kuziva kwezvakatipoteredza uye hydraulic fracturing mirau ichiramba ichishanduka, kushandiswa kwePACs mukuputika kwemvura kunopindirana nekuedza kwemaindasitiri kuvandudza mamwe maumbirwo ane hushamwari. PAC inonyungudika nemvura uye inoora, ichideredza kukanganisa kwezvakatipoteredza uye kugadzirisa matambudziko ane hukama nemakemikari ekuwedzera muhydraulic fracturing.
5. Zvidzidzo uye mashandisirwo emumunda:
Zvidzidzo zvinoverengeka uye mashandisirwo emumunda anoratidza kushandiswa kwakabudirira kwePAC muhydraulic fracturing. Mienzaniso iyi inosimbisa kuvandudzwa kwekuita, kudhura-kushanda uye mabhenefiti ezvakatipoteredza ekubatanidza PAC mune fracturing fluid formulations.
6. Matambudziko nezviri kuitika mune ramangwana:
Nepo PAC yakaratidza kuve chinhu chakakosha mukupwanya zvinwiwa, matambudziko anoramba akaita senge nyaya dzekuenderana nedzimwe mvura dzekugadzira uye kudiwa kwekuwedzera tsvakiridzo mukukanganisa kwavo kwenguva refu kwezvakatipoteredza. Zviitiko zveramangwana zvinogona kutarisa kugadzirisa matambudziko aya, pamwe nekuongorora magadzirirwo matsva uye matekinoroji ekuwedzera kugona uye kusimba kwe hydraulic fracturing mashandiro.
7. Mhedziso:
Polyanionic cellulose (PAC) inoita basa rakakosha mukugadzirwa kwemvura inoputika yehydraulic fracturing mashandiro muindasitiri yeoiri negasi. Yayo yakasarudzika zvimiro inobatsira mukudzora rheology, kudzivirira kurasikirwa kwemvura uye kugadzikana kwekushisa, pakupedzisira inovandudza kubudirira kweiyo fracturing process. Sezvo indasitiri iri kuramba ichishanduka, kushandiswa kwePAC kunoenderana nekufunga kwezvakatipoteredza uye zvinodiwa zvekutonga, zvichiita kuti ive chinhu chakakosha mukusimudzira maitiro ekugadzirisa hydraulic fracturing. Kuenderera mberi kwekutsvagisa uye kuedza kwekusimudzira kunogona kutungamira kufambira mberi muPAC-yakavakirwa fracturing fluid maumbirwo, kugadzirisa zvinonetsa uye kugadzirisa mashandiro pasi peakasiyana geological uye ekushanda mamiriro.
Nguva yekutumira: Zvita-06-2023