Concrete: Properties, Additive Ratios uye Quality Control

Concrete: Properties, Additive Ratios uye Quality Control

Concrete chinhu chinoshandiswa zvakanyanya chekuvaka chinozivikanwa nekusimba kwayo, kusimba, uye kuita zvakasiyana. Heano maitiro akakosha ekongiri, akajairika ekuwedzera anoshandiswa kuwedzera zvivakwa izvi, akakurudzirwa ekuwedzera ratios, uye nhanho dzekudzora mhando:

Properties of Concrete:

  1. Compressive Strength: Kugona kwekongiri kuramba mitoro yeaxial, yakayerwa mumapaundi pa square inch (psi) kana megapascals (MPa).
  2. Tensile Strength: Kugona kwekongiri kurwisa tension masimba, ayo anowanzo kuderera pane anomanikidza simba.
  3. Durability: Kuramba kwekongiri kumamiriro ekunze, kurwisa kwemakemikari, abrasion, uye mamwe maitiro ekuora nekufamba kwenguva.
  4. Kushanda: Kureruka uko kongiri inogona kusanganiswa, kuiswa, kuumbwa, uye kupedzwa kuti uwane chimiro chaunoda uye kupera.
  5. Density: Huremu payuniti vhoriyamu yekongiri, iyo inopesvedzera huremu hwayo uye zvimiro.
  6. Shrinkage uye Creep: Shanduko muvhoriyamu uye deformation nekufamba kwenguva nekuda kwekuoma, kushanduka kwetembiricha, uye mitoro inoenderera.
  7. Permeability: Konkrete kugona kuramba kufamba kwemvura, magasi, uye zvimwe zvinhu kuburikidza nemapores ayo uye capillaries.

Common Additives uye Mabasa Avo:

  1. Mvura-Kuderedza Agents (Superplasticizers): Kuvandudza kushanda uye kuderedza mvura yemukati pasina kupa simba.
  2. Mhepo-Entraining Agents: Isai mabhuru emhepo asingaoneki kuti avandudze kusamira-kunyungudika uye kushanda.
  3. Retarders: Kunonoka kuseta nguva kubvumidza kureba kwekufambisa, kuiswa, uye nguva dzekupedza.
  4. Accelerators: Kurumidza kuseta nguva, kunyanya inobatsira mumamiriro ekunze anotonhora.
  5. Pozzolans (semuenzaniso, Fly Ash, Silica Fume): Kuvandudza simba, kusimba, uye kuderedza kupera kuburikidza nekuita ne calcium hydroxide kuti igadzire mamwe cementitious compounds.
  6. Fibers (semuenzaniso, Simbi, Synthetic): wedzera kutsemuka kusamira, kukanganisa kupikisa, uye kusimba kwesimba.
  7. Corrosion Inhibitors: Chengetedza mbariro dzekusimbisa kubva mukuora kunokonzerwa ne chloride ion kana carbonation.

Recommended Additive Ratios:

  • Iwo chaiwo mareshiyo ezvinowedzera zvinoenderana nezvinhu zvakaita sezvinodiwa kongiri zvivakwa, mamiriro ekunze, uye zvinodiwa zveprojekiti.
  • Mareshiyo anowanzo kuratidzwa sechikamu chehuremu hwesimende kana huwandu hwekongiri musanganiswa uremu.
  • Dosages dzinofanirwa kutariswa zvichibva pakuyedzwa kwerabhoritari, musanganiswa wekuedzwa, uye maitiro ekuita.

Matanho Ekudzora Hunhu:

  1. Kuedza Kwezvekushandisa: Ita bvunzo pazvinhu zvakabikwa (semuenzaniso, zvakaunganidzwa, simende, zvekuwedzera) kuve nechokwadi chekuteedzera zvinoenderana nemitemo uye zvakatemwa.
  2. Batching uye Kusanganisa: Shandisa chaiyo yekuyera uye yekuyeresa midziyo kubheji zvinhu, uye tevera kwakaringana nzira dzekusanganisa kuti uwane kufanana uye kuenderana.
  3. Kushanda uye Kuenderana Kuyedzwa: Ita bvunzo dzekudonha, kuyerera bvunzo, kana rheological bvunzo kuti uongorore kushanda uye gadzirisa musanganiswa zviyero sezvinodiwa.
  4. Kurapa: Itai nzira dzekurapa dzakaringana (semuenzaniso, kurapa kwakanyorova, kurapa makemikari, kurapa membranes) kudzivirira kuoma nguva isati yakwana uye kukurudzira hydration.
  5. Kuedza Kwesimba: Tarisa kusimudzira kongiri yesimba kuburikidza neyakajairwa bvunzo nzira (semuenzaniso, compressive simba bvunzo) pamazera akasiyana kuti uone kutevedzera zvinodiwa nedhizaini.
  6. Kuvimbiswa Kwehutano / Kudzora Kwehutano (QA / QC) Zvirongwa: Gadzira zvirongwa zveQA / QC zvinosanganisira kuongorora nguva dzose, zvinyorwa, uye zviito zvekugadzirisa kuti uone kuwirirana uye kutevedza kune zvakatemwa.

Nekunzwisisa zvimiro zvekongiri, kusarudza zvinowedzerwa zvakakodzera, kudzora mareshiyo ekuwedzera, uye kuita matanho ekudzora emhando, vavaki vanogona kugadzira kongiri yemhando yepamusoro inosangana nezvinodiwa zvekushanda uye inosimudzira kusimba uye hupenyu hurefu hwezvivakwa.


Nguva yekutumira: Feb-07-2024