Nekuenderera mberi kwekuenderera mberi kweindasitiri uye kuvandudzwa kwehunyanzvi, kuburikidza nekutanga nekuvandudzwa kwemichina yekufembera dhaka yekunze, tekinoroji yekupfapfaidza uye yekupurasita yakagadziridzwa zvakanyanya munyika yangu mumakore achangopfuura. Mechanical yekupfapfaidza dhaka yakasiyana nedhaka rakajairwa, iro rinoda kukwirira kwekuchengetedza mvura kuita, kuyerera kwakakodzera uye kumwe kupikisa-sagging kuita. Kazhinji, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose inowedzerwa kune dhaka, iyo cellulose Ether (HPMC) ndiyo inonyanya kushandiswa. Iwo makuru mabasa ehydroxypropyl methylcellulose HPMC mudhaka ndeaya: kukora uye viscosifying, kugadzirisa rheology, uye yakanakisa kuchengetedza mvura. Nekudaro, izvo zvikanganiso zveHPMC hazvigone kufuratirwa. HPMC ine mweya-entraining mhedzisiro, izvo zvinokonzeresa hurema hwemukati uye zvakanyanya kuderedza ma mechanic properties yedhaka. Shandong Chenbang Fine Chemical Co., Ltd. yakadzidza pesvedzero yeHPMC pachiyero chekuchengetedza mvura, density, mhepo yemukati uye michina yedhaka kubva kune macroscopic aspect, uye akadzidza pesvedzero yehydroxypropyl methylcellulose HPMC pane L chimiro chedhaka kubva. iyo microscopic aspect. .
1. Muedzo
1.1 Raw zvinhu
Simende: inotengeswa P.0 42.5 simende, yayo 28d flexural uye compressive simba 6.9 uye 48.2 MPa zvichiteerana; jecha: Chengde yakanaka rwizi jecha, 40-100 mesh; cellulose ether: yakagadzirwa naShandong Chenbang Fine Chemical Co., Ltd. Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ether, white powder, nominal viscosity 40, 100, 150, 200 Pa-s; mvura: mvura yemupombi yakachena.
1.2 Nzira yekuedza
Maererano neJGJ/T 105-2011 "Mitemo yekuvaka yeMechanical Spraying uye Plastering", kuwirirana kwedhaka ndeye 80-120 mm, uye chiyero chekuchengetedza mvura chinopfuura 90%. Muchiedzo ichi, chiyero che lime-jecha chakaiswa pa1: 5, kuwirirana kwakadzorwa pa (93 + 2) mm, uye cellulose ether yakasanganiswa kunze, uye chiyero chekubatanidza chakavakirwa pahuwandu hwesimende. Iwo ekutanga zvimiro zvedhaka senge kunyorova kwemvura, mhepo, kuchengetedza mvura, uye kusimba kunoedzwa zvichireva JGJ 70-2009 "Test Nzira dzeBasic Properties yeKuvaka Mortar", uye zvemukati zvinoedzwa uye kuverengerwa zvinoenderana nekuwanda. nzira. Kugadzirira, flexural uye compressive simba miedzo yezvienzaniso yakaitwa maererano neGB/T 17671-1999 "Nzira dzekuedza Kusimba kweCement Mortar Sand (ISO Method)". Kuwanda kwegonye kwakayerwa nemercury porosimetry. Muenzaniso we mercury porosimeter yaiva AUTOPORE 9500, uye chiyero chekuyera chaiva 5.5 nm-360 μm. Huwandu hwe4 seti dzebvunzo dzakaitwa. Iyo simende-jecha reshiyo yaive 1: 5, viscosity yeHPMC yaive 100 Pa-s, uye dosi 0, 0.1%, 0.2%, 0.3% (nhamba idzi A, B, C, D zvichiteerana).
2. Migumisiro uye kuongorora
2.1 Mhedzisiro yeHPMC pachiyero chekuchengetedza mvura yedhaka resimende
Kuchengeta mvura zvinoreva kugona kwedhaka kubata mvura. Mumuchina wakapfapfaidzwa dhaka, kuwedzera cellulose ether kunogona kunyatso chengetedza mvura, kuderedza kubuda kweropa, uye kusangana nezvinodiwa zvekuzara kwemvura yesimende-yakavakirwa zvinhu. Mhedzisiro yeHPMC pakuchengetedza mvura kwedhaka.
Nekuwedzera kwehuwandu hweHPMC, mwero wekuchengetedza mvura wedhaka unowedzera zvishoma nezvishoma. Macurves ehydroxypropyl methylcellulose ether ane viscosities ye100, 150 uye 200 Pa.s zvakangofanana. Kana zvinyorwa zviri 0.05% -0.15%, chiyero chekuchengetedza mvura chinowedzera mutsara, uye kana zvinyorwa zviri 0.15%, chiyero chekuchengetedza mvura chinopfuura 93%. ; Kana huwandu hwemagrits huchipfuura 0.20%, kuwedzera kwemaitiro ekuchengetedza mvura kunova flat, zvichiratidza kuti huwandu hweHPMC hwave pedyo nekuzara. Iyo pesvedzero curve yehuwandu hweHPMC ine viscosity ye40 Pa.s pachiyero chekuchengetedza mvura ingangoita mutsara wakatwasuka. Kana huwandu hwacho hwakakura kupfuura 0.15%, mwero wekuchengetedza mvura yedhaka wakadzikira zvakanyanya pane wemamwe matatu marudzi eHPMC ane huwandu hwakafanana hwekuona. Zvinowanzotendwa kuti nzira yekuchengetedza mvura ye cellulose ether ndeiyi: boka rehydroxyl pa cellulose ether molecule uye atomu yeokisijeni pane ether bond ichabatana nemorekuru wemvura kuumba hydrogen bond, kuitira kuti mvura yakasununguka inova yakasungwa mvura. , nokudaro kutamba zvakanaka kuchengetedza mvura; Zvinotendwawo kuti kupindirana pakati pemamorekuru emvura uye cellulose ether molecular cheni inobvumira mamorekuru emvura kuti apinde mukati me cellulose ether macromolecular cheni uye ave pasi pemasimba akasimba ekusunga, nekudaro anovandudza kuchengetwa kwemvura esimende slurry. Kuchengetedzwa kwemvura kwakanakisa kunogona kuchengetedza dhaka riine homogeneous, isiri nyore kupatsanura, uye kuwana yakanaka yekusanganisa kuita, uku ichideredza kupfeka kwemechani uye kuwedzera hupenyu hwemushini wekupfapfaidza dhaka.
2.2 Mhedzisiro yehydroxypropyl methylcellulose HPMC pane density uye mhepo yemukati yesamende dhaka.
Kana huwandu hweHPMC huri 0-0.20%, kuwanda kwedhaka kunoderera zvakanyanya nekuwedzera kwehuwandu hweHPMC, kubva ku2050 kg / m3 kusvika ku1650kg / m3, inenge 20% pasi; apo huwandu hweHPMC hunodarika 0.20%, kuwanda kunoderera. mukudzikama. Kuenzanisa 4 marudzi eHPMC ane viscosities yakasiyana, iyo yakakwirira viscosity, iyo yakaderera density yedhaka; density curves yematope ane yakasanganiswa viscosities ye150 uye 200 Pa.s HPMC inopindirana, zvichiratidza kuti sezvo viscosity yeHPMC iri kuramba ichiwedzera, Density haichadziki.
Mutemo wekuchinja wemhepo yemukati medhaka unopesana nekushanduka kwe density yedhaka. Apo zvinyorwa zve hydroxypropyl methylcellulose HPMC iri 0-0.20%, nekuwedzera kwehuwandu hweHPMC, mhepo yemhepo yevhu inowedzera inenge yakaenzana; zviri mukati meHPMC zvinodarika Mushure me0.20%, iyo mhepo yemukati haichinji, zvichiratidza kuti mhepo-inopinza mhedzisiro yedhaka iri pedyo nekuzara. Mhepo-entraining effect yeHPMC ine viscosity ye150 uye 200 Pa.s yakakura kudarika iyo yeHPMC ine viscosity ye40 uye 100 Pa.s.
Mhepo-entraining mhedzisiro ye cellulose ether inonyanya kutsanangurwa neiyo molecular chimiro. Cellulose ether ine ese ari maviri hydrophilic mapoka (hydroxyl, ether) uye hydrophobic mapoka (methyl, glucose ring), uye ari surfactant. , ine kushanda kwepamusoro, nokudaro kuva nemhepo-intraining effect. Kune rumwe rutivi, gasi rakaunzwa rinogona kuita sebhora rinotakura mudhaka, kuvandudza kushanda kwedhaka, kuwedzera vhoriyamu, uye kuwedzera kuburitsa, izvo zvinobatsira kumugadziri. Asi kune rumwe rutivi, mhepo-intraining effect inowedzera mhepo yehutu uye porosity mushure mekuoma, zvichiita kuti kuwedzerwa kwezviputi zvinokuvadza uye kuderedza zvakanyanya mechanical properties. Kunyangwe HPMC iine imwe mweya-entraining maitiro, haigone kutsiva mhepo-inopinza mumiriri. Mukuwedzera, apo HPMC uye air-entraining agent inoshandiswa panguva imwe chete, iyo inopinza mhepo inogona kukundikana.
2.3 Mhedzisiro yeHPMC pane zvemakanika zvesimende dhaka
Kana huwandu hweHPMC huri 0.05% chete, simba rekushanduka kwevhu rinoderera zvakanyanya, iyo inenge 25% yakaderera pane iyo yemuenzaniso usina chinhu pasina hydroxypropyl methylcellulose HPMC, uye simba rekumanikidza rinogona kusvika 65% yemuenzaniso usina chinhu - 80%. Kana huwandu hweHPMC huchipfuura 0.20%, kuderera kwesimba rekuchinjika uye simba rekumanikidza redhaka hazvisi pachena. Iyo viscosity yeHPMC haina mhedzisiro pamichina yedhaka. HPMC inounza tutubu tudiki twemhepo, uye mhepo-inopinza muvhu padhaka inowedzera porosity yemukati uye inokuvadza pores yedhaka, zvichikonzera kuderera kukuru kwesimba rekumanikidza uye flexural simba. Chimwe chikonzero chekuderera kwesimba redhaka ndiko kuchengetedza mvura kweselulosi ether, iyo inochengeta mvura mudhaka rakaoma, uye chiyero chikuru chemvura-binder chinokonzera kuderera kwesimba rekuedza block. Pamakina ekuvaka dhaka, kunyangwe cellulose ether inogona kuwedzera zvakanyanya chiyero chekuchengetedza mvura yedhaka uye kuvandudza kushanda kwayo, kana iyo dosi yakakurisa, inozokanganisa zvakanyanya michina yedhaka, saka hukama pakati pezviviri hunofanira kuyerwa zvine musoro.
Nekuwedzera kwezviri mukati mehydroxypropyl methylcellulose HPMC, iyo yekupeta reshiyo yedhaka yakaratidza maitiro ekuwedzera, ayo aive hukama hwemutsara. Izvi ndezvokuti iyo yakawedzerwa cellulose ether inotanga nhamba yakawanda yemhepo inoputika, iyo inokonzera kukanganisa kwakawanda mukati medhaka, uye simba rekumanikidzika remutungamiri rose mortar rinoderera zvakanyanya, kunyange zvazvo simba rekushanduka-shanduka rinodererawo kune imwe nhanho; asi iyo cellulose ether inogona kuvandudza kushanduka kwedhaka, Inobatsira kune simba rekushanduka-shanduka, izvo zvinoita kuti kuderera kuderera kuderera. Tichifunga zvakazara, iyo yakasanganiswa mhedzisiro yezviviri inotungamira kuwedzera kweiyo kupeta reshiyo.
2.4 Mhedzisiro yeHPMC pane L dhayamita yedhaka
Kubva pane pore saizi yekugovera curve, pore saizi yekugovera data uye akasiyana manhamba ma paramita e AD samples, zvinogona kuonekwa kuti HPMC ine simba guru pane pore chimiro chesimende dhaka:
(1) Mushure mekuwedzera HPMC, saizi yepore yesamende dhaka inowedzera zvakanyanya. Pane pore saizi yekugovera curve, nzvimbo yemufananidzo inoenda kurudyi, uye kukosha kwepore kunoenderana nehukoshi hwepamusoro hunova hombe. Mushure mekuwedzera HPMC, iyo yepakati pore dhayamita yesamende dhayamita yakakura zvakanyanya kupfuura iyo yesampuli isina chinhu, uye iyo yepakati pore dhayamita yesample ine 0.3% dosage inowedzerwa ne2 maodha ehukuru kana ichienzaniswa neyakavharika sampuro.
(2) Gurai ma pores mukongiri mumhando ina, iyo isingakuvadzi pores (≤20 nm), isingakuvadzi pores (20-100 nm), inokuvadza pores (100-200 nm) uye yakawanda inokuvadza pores (≥200 nm). Zvinogona kuonekwa kubva Tafura 1 kuti nhamba makomba asingakuvadzi kana zvishoma kukuvadza makomba zvikuru kuderedzwa pashure kuwedzera HPMC, uye nhamba makomba anokuvadza kana mamwe makomba anokuvadza akawedzera. Iwo asina kukuvadza pores kana mashoma anokuvadza pores emasampuli asina kusanganiswa neHPMC angangoita 49.4%. Mushure mekuwedzera HPMC, iyo isingakuvadzi pores kana zvishoma inokuvadza pores inoderedzwa zvakanyanya. Kutora chiyero che 0.1% semuenzaniso, ma pores asingakuvadzi kana mashoma anokuvadza pores anoderedzwa neanenge 45%. %, huwandu hwemakomba anokuvadza akakura kupfuura 10um akawedzera kanenge ka9.
(3) Iyo yepakati pore dhayamita, chiyero chepore dhayamita, chaiyo pore vhoriyamu uye chaiyo nzvimbo yepasi haiteveri yakasimba kwazvo shanduko mutemo nekuwedzera kweiyo hydroxypropyl methylcellulose HPMC yemukati, iyo inogona kuve yakabatana neiyo sampuli kusarudzwa mune mercury jekiseni bvunzo. zvinoenderana nekupararira kukuru. Asi pazere, iyo yepakati pore dhayamita, avhareji pore dhayamita uye chaiyo pore vhoriyamu yesampuli yakasanganiswa neHPMC inowanzo wedzera kana ichienzaniswa neyakashama sampuli, nepo nzvimbo chaiyo inodzikira.
Nguva yekutumira: Kubvumbi-03-2023