Nhanganyaya kune Cotton uye Cellulose
Cotton, fiber yechisikigo inotorwa kubva muchirimwa chedonje, inonyanya kuumbwa ne cellulose. Cellulose, kabhohaidhireti yakaoma, ndiyo inoumba madziro emasero mumiti, ichipa rubatsiro rwechimiro. Kubvisa yakachena cellulose kubva mukotoni kunosanganisira kupatsanura machira e cellulose kubva kune zvimwe zvikamu zvechirimwa chedonje, senge lignin, hemicellulose, uye pectin.
Cotton Plant Anatomy
Kunzwisisa chimiro chechirimwa chedonje kwakakosha pakubvisa cellulose. Cotton fibers imbeu trichomes, inokura kubva kumasero epidermal ecottonseed. Mafiibha aya anonyanyo sanganisira cellulose, ine mapuroteni mashoma, wakisi, uye shuga. Faibha dzedonje dzinokura mumabhodhoro, ari macapsules anodzivirira anovharira mhodzi.
Cellulose Extraction Process
Kukohwa: Maitiro anotanga nekukohwa mabhotoro edonje akakura kubva muzvirimwa zvedonje. Kukohwa kwemichina ndiyo nzira yakajairika, apo michina inobvisa mabhoro kubva muzvirimwa.
Ginning: Mushure mokukohwa, donje rinoitwa ginning, apo mhodzi dzinoparadzaniswa neshinda. Kuita uku kunosanganisira kupfuudza donje nemuchina wegini unobvisa mhodzi kubva mushinda.
Kuchenesa: Kana aparadzaniswa nemhodzi, shinda dzedonje dzinoitwa kucheneswa kubvisa tsvina yakaita setsvina, mashizha, uye zvimwe zvirimwa. Iyi nhanho inovimbisa kuti yakabviswa cellulose ndeyekuchena kwepamusoro.
Kadhi: Kadhi ibasa remuchina rinobatanidza mafiibhi ekotoni kuita dandemutande rakatetepa. Inobvisa chero tsvina yasara uye inogadzirisa fiber mukugadzirira kuenderera mberi kugadzirisa.
Degumming: Mafiibhi edonje ane tsvina yemusikirwo yakaita sewakisi, pectin, uye hemicelluloses, pamwe chete inonzi "gum." Degumming inosanganisira kurapa machira edonje ane alkaline mhinduro kana ma enzymes kubvisa tsvina iyi.
Bleaching: Bleaching inhanho yekusarudzika asi inowanzo shandiswa kuwedzera kuchenesa ma cellulose fiber uye kuwedzera kuchena kwawo. Akasiyana-siyana ekuchenesa maejenti akadai sehydrogen peroxide kana chlorine derivatives anogona kushandiswa mukuita uku.
Mercerization: Mercerization inosanganisira kurapa cellulose fiber necaustic alkali solution, kazhinji sodium hydroxide. Kuita uku kunowedzera simba remafayibha, kupenya, uye hukama hwedhayi, zvichiita kuti dzinyatsokodzera kushandiswa kwakasiyana-siyana.
Acid Hydrolysis: Mune zvimwe zviitiko, kunyanya nekuda kwemaindasitiri, asidhi hydrolysis inogona kushandiswa kuwedzera kuputsa cellulose kuita madiki, mamwe mayunifomu zvidimbu. Kuita uku kunosanganisira kurapa cellulose ine dilute asidhi pasi pemamiriro akadzora kuita hydrolyze iyo glycosidic bond, ichiburitsa mapfupi cellulose cheni kana cellulose nanocrystals.
Kugeza uye Kuomeswa: Kutevera kurapwa kwemakemikari, fiber ye cellulose inonyatsogezwa kubvisa chero makemikari asara kana tsvina. Zvadaro, mafiibhi anoomeswa kune yaidiwa mwando.
Zvishandiso zvePure Cellulose
Pure cellulose inowanikwa kubva mukotoni inowana maapplication mumaindasitiri akasiyana siyana:
Micheka: Mafiibha ecellulose anorukwa kuita shinda uye anorukwa kuita machira embatya, machira epamba, uye maindasitiri ekushandisa.
Pepa uye Pepabhodhi: Cellulose chinhu chikuru chebepa, pepabhodhi, uye makadhibhokisi zvigadzirwa.
Biofuels: Cellulose inogona kushandurwa kuita biofuel senge ethanol kuburikidza nemaitiro akaita se enzymatic hydrolysis uye kuvirisa.
Zvokudya uye Zvemishonga Industries: Cellulose derivatives inoshandiswa seyakakora, stabilizers, uye emulsifiers muchikafu nemishonga yemishonga.
Cosmetics: Cellulose derivatives inoshandiswa muzvizora uye zvigadzirwa zvekuchengeta munhu kukora uye kudzikamisa zvivakwa.
Kubvisa pure cellulose kubva mukotoni kunosanganisira nhevedzano yemakanika uye kemikari maitiro anonangwa kupatsanura iyo cellulose fiber kubva kune zvimwe zvikamu zvechirimwa chedonje nekuzvichenesa. Kunzwisisa anatomy yechirimwa chedonje uye kushandisa nzira dzakakodzera senge ginning, degumming, bleaching, uye mercerization kwakakosha kuti uwane yemhando yepamusoro cellulose. Iyo yakachena cellulose inowanikwa kubva mukotoni ine akasiyana mashandisirwo mumaindasitiri, kubva kumachira nekugadzira mapepa kusvika kune biofuel nemishonga, zvichiita kuti ive inogoneka uye yakakosha chiwanikwa.
Nguva yekutumira: Kubvumbi-25-2024