Dry powder mortar ipolymer yakaoma yakasanganiswa dhaka kana yakaoma poda yakagadzirwa nedhaka.Imhando ye simenti uye gypsum seyo huru base zvinhu.Zvinoenderana neakasiyana ekuita basa rekuvaka, yakaoma poda yekuvaka aggregates uye additives inowedzerwa mune imwe chikamu.Icho chinhu chekuvaka dhaka chinogona kusanganiswa zvakaenzana, kuendeswa kunzvimbo yekuvaka mumabhegi kana muhuwandu, uye inogona kushandiswa zvakananga mushure mekuwedzera mvura.
Zvigadzirwa zvakajairika zvehupfu dhaka zvinosanganisira hupfu hwakaoma mataira anonamira, hupfu hwakaoma madziro ekuputira, yakaoma poda madziro dhaka, yakaoma poda kongiri, nezvimwe.
Dry powder mortar kazhinji ine zvinhu zvinokwana zvitatu: binder, aggregate, uye mortar additives.
Raw material kuumbwa kwevhu rakaoma dhaka:
1. Doka rekubatanidza zvinhu
(1) Inorganic adhesive:
Inorganic adhesives anosanganisira akajairwa Portland simende, yakakwirira alumina simende, yakakosha simende, gypsum, anhydrite, nezvimwe.
(2) Organic adhesives:
Organic adhesive inonyanya kureva redispersible latex poda, inova polima yehupfu inoumbwa nekuomeswa nekupfapfaidza kwakaringana (uye kusarudzwa kwezvinowedzera zvakakodzera) zvepolymer emulsion.Iyo yakaoma polymer hupfu uye mvura inova emulsion.Inogona kupera mvura zvakare, kuitira kuti zvimedu zvepolymer zvigadzire chimiro chemuviri wepolymer mudhaka resimende, iyo yakafanana neyepolymer emulsion process, uye inobata basa mukugadzirisa dhaka resimende.
Zvinoenderana nezviyero zvakasiyana, kugadziridzwa kwehupfu hwakaoma dhaka ine redispersible polymer poda inogona kuvandudza simba rekubatanidza neakasiyana ma substrates, uye kugadzirisa kuchinjika, kuremara, kukotama simba uye kupfeka kuramba kwedhaka, kusimba, kubatana uye density pamwe nekuchengetedza mvura. kugona uye kuvaka.
Iyo redispersible latex poda yemusanganiswa wakaoma dhaka inonyanya kusanganisira anotevera marudzi: ① styrene-butadiene copolymer;② styrene-acrylic asidhi copolymer;③ vinyl acetate copolymer;④ polyacrylate homopolymer;⑤ Styrene Acetate Copolymer;⑥ Vinyl Acetate-Ethylene Copolymer.
2. Aggregate:
Aggregate yakakamurwa kuita coarse aggregate uye yakanaka aggregate.Chimwe chezvinhu zvikuru zvinoumba kongiri.Iyo inonyanya kuita senge skeleton uye inoderedza shanduko yevhoriyamu inokonzerwa nekuderera uye kuzvimba kwesementitious zvinhu panguva yekumisikidza uye kuomesa maitiro, uye zvakare inoshandiswa seyakachipa kuzadza kune simende zvinhu.Kune masikirwo akaunganidzwa uye ekugadzira aggregates, ekutanga senge matombo, hurungudo, pumice, jecha rechisikigo, nezvimwe;iyo yekupedzisira senge cinder, slag, ceramsite, yakawedzera perlite, nezvimwe.
3. Doka rinowedzera
(1) Cellulose ether:
Mune dhaka rakaoma, iyo yekuwedzera yakawanda ye cellulose ether yakaderera kwazvo (kazhinji 0.02% -0.7%), asi inogona kuvandudza zvakanyanya mashandiro edhaka rakanyorova, uye iyo inonyanya kuwedzera iyo inokanganisa kuvakwa kwedhaka.
Muvhu rakaoma dhaka, nokuti ionic cellulose haina kugadzikana muhupo hwe calcium ions, haiwanzoshandiswa muzvigadzirwa zvehupfu zvakaoma zvinoshandisa simende, slaked lime, nezvimwewo semasimende zvinhu.Hydroxyethyl cellulose inoshandiswawo mune zvimwe zvakaoma zvigadzirwa zvehupfu, asi mugove wacho idiki kwazvo.
Iyo cellulose ethers inoshandiswa muvhu rakaoma dhaka inonyanya hydroxyethyl methylcellulose (HEMC) uye hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ether (HPMC), inonzi MC.
MC maitiro: Kunamatira uye kuvaka zvinhu zviviri zvinopesvedzera mumwe nemumwe;kuchengetwa kwemvura, kudzivirira kukurumidza kubuda kwemvura, kuitira kuti kukora kwedhaka revhu kunogona kuderedzwa zvakanyanya.
(2) anti-crack fiber
Haisi kugadzirwa kwevanhu vemazuva ano kusanganisa fiber mudhaka se anti-crack reinforcement materials.Kare, madzitateguru edu akashandisa shinda dzechisikigo sezvinhu zvekusimbisa zvezvimwe zvisungo zvinosungirirwa, sekusanganisa mafiibhi echirimwa uye lime dhaka kuvaka Temberi nehoro, kushandisa hemp sirika nedhaka kugadzira zvidhori zvaBuddha, kushandisa uswa hwegorosi mapfupi majoini uye yero madhaka. kuvaka dzimba, kushandisa vhudzi revanhu neremhuka kugadzira mbavha, kushandisa pulp fiber, lime, uye gypsum kupenda madziro uye kugadzira zvigadzirwa zvegypsum zvakasiyana, nezvimwe mirira.Kuwedzera mafiibha muchisimende zvigadziko zvekugadzira fiber yakasimbisa simende-yakavakirwa makombisi inyaya yemakumi emakore achangopfuura.
Zvigadzirwa zvesimende, zvikamu kana zvivakwa zvinozoburitsa ma microcracks akawanda nekuda kwekuchinja kwe microstructure uye vhoriyamu panguva yekuomeswa kwesimende, uye ichawedzera nekuchinja mukuomesa shrinkage, shanduko yekushisa, uye mitoro yekunze.Kana ichiiswa pasi pesimba rekunze, mafiber anoita basa mukudzikamisa uye kutadzisa kuwedzera kwe micro-cracks.Mafibers ari criss-crossed uye isotropic, anopedza uye anobvisa kushushikana, anodzivirira kuenderera mberi kwekutsemuka, uye anoita basa mukuvhara makatsemuka.
Kuwedzerwa kwefibers kunogona kuita kuti iyo yakaoma-yakasanganiswa dhaka ive nemhando yepamusoro, kushanda kwepamusoro, kusimba kwepamusoro, kuputika kwekuputika, kusapindirana, kuputika kwekudzivirira, kukanganisa kwekudzivirira, kutonhora-kupisa kupikisa, kupfeka kusagadzikana, kuchembera kukwegura uye mamwe mabasa.
(3) Mvura inoderedza mumiririri
Mvura inodzikisira musanganiswa wekongiri unogona kuderedza huwandu hwekusanganisa mvura uchichengetedza kudonha kwekongiri isingachinjike.Zvizhinji zvacho ndeye anionic surfactants, zvakadai se lignosulfonate, naphthalenesulfonate formaldehyde polymer, etc. Mushure mokunge yawedzerwa kune musanganiswa wekrete, inogona kuparadzira zvimedu zvesimende, kuvandudza kushanda kwayo, kuderedza kushandiswa kwemvura yeyuniti, kuvandudza fluidity yemusanganiswa wekrete;kana kuderedza kushandiswa kwesemende uye kuchengetedza simenti.
Zvinoenderana nekudzikisa uye kusimbisa kugona kwemvura yekudzikisa mumiriri, yakakamurwa kuita yakajairwa yekudzikisa mvura (inozivikanwawo seplasticizer, mwero wekudzikisa mvura hausi pasi pe8%, inomiririrwa ne lignosulfonate), yakanyanya-inoshanda yekudzikisa mvura mumiriri. (inozivikanwawo se superplasticizer) Plasticizer, mwero wekudzikisa mvura hausi pasi pe14%, kusanganisira naphthalene, melamine, sulfamate, aliphatic, nezvimwewo) uye yakakwirira-inoshanda yekudzikisa mvura mumiririri (mvura yekudzikisa mwero haisi pasi pe25%, polycarboxylic Asidhi Inomiririrwa ne superplasticizer), uye yakakamurwa kuva yekutanga simba mhando, yakajairika mhando uye retarded mhando.
Zvinoenderana nemakemikari ekuumbwa, anowanzo kupatsanurwa kuita: lignosulfonate-based superplasticizers, naphthalene-based superplasticizers, melamine-based superplasticizers, sulfamate-based superplasticizers, uye fatty acid-based superplasticizers.Vashandi vemvura, polycarboxylate-based superplasticizers.
Iko kushandiswa kwemvura yekudzikisa mumiriri muvhu rakaoma dhaka kune zvinotevera zvinhu: simende yekuzvigadzika, gypsum self-leveling, dhaka rekupurasita, dhaka risina mvura, putty, nezvimwe.
Sarudzo yemvura inoderedza mumiriri inofanira kusarudzwa maererano neyakasiyana-siyana mbishi zvinhu uye zvakasiyana dhaka zvinhu.
(4) Starch ether
Starch ether inonyanya kushandiswa mukuvaka dhaka, iyo inogona kukanganisa kuenderana kwedhaka rakavakirwa pagypsum, simende uye lime, uye kushandura kuvaka uye sag kuramba kwedhaka.Starch ethers inowanzoshandiswa pamwe chete neasina-modified uye modified cellulose ethers.Inokodzera ese ari maviri asina kwaakarerekera uye alkaline masisitimu, uye inoenderana neakawanda ekuwedzera mune gypsum uye simende zvigadzirwa (senge masurfactants, MC, starch uye polyvinyl acetate uye mamwe mapolymer anonyungudika nemvura).
Hunhu hwe starch ether hunonyanya kurara mu: kunatsiridza sag resistance;kuvandudza kuvaka;kuvandudza goho redhaka, rinonyanya kushandiswa kune: yakagadzirwa nemaoko kana muchina-sprayed dhaka zvichienderana nesamende uye gypsum, caulk uye adhesive;tile adhesive;masonry Vakai dhaka.
Cherechedza: Chiyero chenguva dzose che starch ether mudhaka i 0.01-0.1%.
(5) Zvimwe zvinowedzera:
Iyo air-entraining agent inounza huwandu hukuru hwemadiki akagovaniswa zvakafanana panguva yekusanganiswa kwedhaka, izvo zvinoderedza kushushikana kwepasi pevhu kusanganisa mvura, zvichiita kuti kupararira kuri nani uye kuderedza kubuda kweropa uye kupatsanurwa kwedhaka-kongiri. musanganiswa.Additives, kunyanya mafuta Sodium sulfonate uye sodium sulfate, iyo dosage ndeye 0.005-0.02%.
Retarders inonyanya kushandiswa mu gypsum mortars uye gypsum-based joint fillers.Inonyanya kuve michero acid munyu, inowanzowedzerwa muhuwandu hwe 0.05% -0.25%.
Hydrophobic agents (zvinodzinga mvura) zvinodzivirira mvura kuti isapinda mudhaka, ukuwo dhaka richiramba rakavhurika kuti mhute yemvura ipararire.Hydrophobic polymer redispersible poda inonyanya kushandiswa.
Defoamer, kubatsira kuburitsa mabhuru emhepo akadzidziswa uye anogadzirwa panguva yekusanganiswa kwedhaka uye kuvaka, kuvandudza simba rekumanikidza, kuvandudza mamiriro epasi, dosi 0.02-0.5%.
Nguva yekutumira: Feb-09-2023