Cellulose ether (CelluloseEther) inogadzirwa kubva ku cellulose kuburikidza ne etherification reaction yeimwe kana akati wandei etherification agents uye yakaoma kugaya.Zvinoenderana neakasiyana maumbirwo emakemikari eether substituents, cellulose ethers inogona kukamurwa kuita anionic, cationic uye nonionic ethers.Ionic cellulose ethers inonyanya kusanganisira carboxymethyl cellulose ether (CMC);asiri-ionic cellulose ethers anonyanya kusanganisira methyl cellulose ether (MC), hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose ether (HPMC) uye hydroxyethyl cellulose ether.Chlorine ether (HC) uye zvichingodaro.Non-ionic ethers yakakamurwa kuva ether-soluble ethers uye ether-soluble ethers, uye kwete-ionic mvura-soluble ethers inonyanya kushandiswa muzvigadzirwa zvematope.Muhupo hwe calcium ions, ionic cellulose ether haina kugadzikana, saka haisati yashandiswa mumiti yakaoma-yakavhenganiswa inoshandisa simenti, slaked lime, nezvimwewo sezvinhu zvekusimbisa.Nonionic mvura-soluble cellulose ethers inoshandiswa zvakanyanya muindasitiri yezvivakwa zvekuvaka nekuda kwekumira kwavo kugadzikana uye kuchengetedza mvura.
1. Chemical properties ye cellulose ether
Imwe neimwe cellulose ether ine chimiro chekutanga che cellulose -anhydroglucose chimiro.Mukugadzira cellulose ether, iyo cellulose fiber inotanga kupiswa muine alkaline solution, yozobatwa ne etherifying agent.Iyo fibrous reaction product inocheneswa nekupushwa kuita hupfu hwakafanana nehumwe hunyoro.
Mukugadzirwa kweMC, chete methyl chloride inoshandiswa se etherification agent;kunze kwemethyl chloride, propylene oxide inoshandiswawo kuwana hydroxypropyl substituent mapoka mukugadzirwa kweHPMC.Akasiyana-siyana cellulose ether ane akasiyana methyl uye hydroxypropyl substitution ratios, izvo zvinokanganisa kugarisana kwe organic uye tembiricha yegelation ye cellulose ether mhinduro.
2. Mamiriro ekushandiswa kwe cellulose ether
Cellulose ether isiri-ionic semi-synthetic polymer, inonyungudika mumvura uye inonyungudika.Iine maitiro akasiyana mumaindasitiri akasiyana.Semuyenzaniso, mune makemikari ekuvaka zvinhu, ine zvinotevera composite mhedzisiro:
①Mushandi wekuchengetedza mvura ②Thickener ③Leveling chivakwa ④Firimu kugadzira zvinhu ⑤Binder
Mune polyvinyl chloride indasitiri, iri emulsifier uye dispersant;muindasitiri yemishonga, ibhinder uye inononoka uye inodzorwa yekuburitsa framework material, etc. Nokuti cellulose ine zvakasiyana-siyana zvinokonzerwa necomposite, kushandiswa kwayo Munda wacho ndiwowo wakanyanyisa.Izvi zvinotevera zvinotarisa kushandiswa uye kushanda kwe cellulose ether mune zvakasiyana-siyana zvekuvaka.
(1) Mune latex pendi:
Muindasitiri yependi yelatex, kusarudza hydroxyethyl cellulose, iyo yakajairika yeakaenzana viscosity ndeye RT30000-50000cps, iyo inoenderana nekutsanangurwa kweHBR250, uye iyo referensi dosage kazhinji inenge 1.5 ‰-2 ‰.Basa guru re hydroxyethyl mu latex pendi ndeyekukora, kudzivirira gelation ye pigment, kubatsira kupararira kwe pigment, kugadzikana kwe latex, uye kuwedzera viscosity yezvikamu, izvo zvinobatsira pakugadzirisa kushanda kwekuvaka: Hydroxyethyl cellulose iri nyore kushandisa.Inogona kunyungudutswa mumvura inotonhora nemvura inopisa, uye haina kukanganiswa neiyo pH kukosha.Inogona kushandiswa nerunyararo rwepfungwa apo PI inokosha iri pakati pe2 ne12. Nzira dzekushandisa ndedzinotevera: I. Yakananga Kuwedzera mukugadzirwa: Kune iyi nzira, hydroxyethyl cellulose inononoka rudzi inofanira kusarudzwa, uye hydroxyethyl cellulose ne. nguva yekuparara inopfuura maminitsi makumi matatu inoshandiswa.Matanho acho ndeaya anotevera: ① Iise mumudziyo une mudziyo wekugera wakakwira.Yakawanda yakachena mvura ②Tanga kubvongodza uchienderera nekumhanya kwakaderera, uye panguva imwe chete zvishoma nezvishoma wowedzera hydroxyethyl mumhinduro zvakaenzana ③Ramba uchibvongodza kusvika zvinhu zvese zvegranular zvanyorova ④Wedzera zvimwe zvinowedzera uye alkaline additives, etc. , wobva wawedzera zvimwe zvikamu muhuwandu, uye kugaya kusvikira chigadzirwa chapera.Ⅱ.Yakashongedzerwa nedoro raamai rekushandisa gare gare: Iyi nzira inogona kusarudza instant cellulose, ine anti-mildew effect.Kubatsira kweiyi nzira ndeyekuti ine yakanyanya kushanduka uye inogona kuwedzerwa zvakananga kune latex pendi.Nzira yekugadzirira yakafanana nematanho ①-④.Ⅲ.Gadzirira porridge kuti ugozoshandisa gare gare: Sezvo organic solvents isiri solluble (insoluble) yehydroxyethyl, izvi zvinonyungudutsa zvinogona kushandiswa kugadzira porridge.Izvo zvinowanzo shandiswa organic zvinonyungudutsa zvinwiwa zvinwiwa mulatex pendi maumbirwo, senge ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, uye firimu-forming agents (senge diethylene glycol butyl acetate).Iyo porridge hydroxyethyl cellulose inogona kuwedzerwa zvakananga kupende.Ramba uchikurudzira kusvikira yapera zvachose.
(2) Mumadziro ekukwenya putty:
Parizvino, mumaguta mazhinji munyika yangu, inodzivirira mvura uye inodzivirira-inodzivirira nharaunda-inoshamwaridzika putty yakakosheswa nevanhu.Iyo inogadzirwa neacetal reaction yevinyl doro uye formaldehyde.Naizvozvo, chinhu ichi chinopedzwa zvishoma nezvishoma nevanhu, uye cellulose ether series zvigadzirwa zvinoshandiswa kutsiva ichi chinyorwa.Kureva kuti, pakuvandudzwa kwezvakatipoteredza zvekuvaka zvivakwa, cellulose parizvino ndiyo chete zvinhu.Mumvura inodzivirira putty, yakakamurwa kuva marudzi maviri: yakaoma poda putty uye putty paste.Pakati pemhando mbiri idzi dzeputty, yakagadziridzwa methyl cellulose uye hydroxypropyl methyl inofanira kusarudzwa.Iyo viscosity yakatarwa kazhinji iri pakati pe30000-60000cps.Basa guru re cellulose mu putty kuchengetedza mvura, kusungirirana uye lubrication.Sezvo mafomula emaputty evagadziri vakasiyana akasiyana, mamwe ari grey calcium, light calcium, white simenti, nezvimwewo, uye mamwe ari gypsum powder, grey calcium, light calcium, nezvimwewo, saka zvinotsanangurwa, viscosity uye kupinda kwe cellulose mu maitiro maviri akasiyana zvakare.Mari yakawedzerwa inenge 2 ‰-3 ‰.Mukuvaka kwemadziro ekukwenya putty, sezvo chigadziko chemadziro chine imwe dhigirii yekunyudza kwemvura (yero yekunyudza kwemvura yemadziro ezvidhinha ndeye 13%, uye chiyero chemvura chekongiri chiri 3-5%), pamwe chete nekuputika kwekunze kwenyika, kana iyo putty inorasikirwa nemvura nokukurumidza , Ichaita kuti pave nekutsemuka kana kubviswa kwehupfu, izvo zvinoderedza simba reputty.Naizvozvo, kuwedzera cellulose ether kuchagadzirisa dambudziko iri.Asi mhando yekuzadza, kunyanya kunaka kweash calcium yakakoshawo zvakanyanya.Nekuda kweiyo yakakwira viscosity ye cellulose, iyo buoyancy ye putty inowedzerwa zvakare, uye iyo sagging chiitiko panguva yekuvaka inodzivirirwa zvakare, uye yakanyanya kugadzikana uye kuponesa basa mushure mekukwesha.Zviri nyore kuwedzera cellulose ether muupfu putty.Kugadzirwa kwayo uye kushandiswa zviri nyore.Iyo filler uye additives inogona kusanganiswa zvakaenzana muupfu hwakaoma.
(3) Dongo rekongiri:
Mune dhaka rekongiri, kuti uwane simba rekupedzisira, simenti inofanirwa kunge yakazara hydrated.Kunyanya mukuvaka kwezhizha, dhaka rekrete rinorasikirwa nemvura nokukurumidza, uye zviyero zve hydration yakakwana inoshandiswa kuchengetedza uye kusasa mvura.Kuraswa kwezviwanikwa uye kushanda kusingaite, kiyi ndeyekuti mvura iri pamusoro chete, uye iyo yemukati hydration ichiri isina kukwana, saka mhinduro yedambudziko iri ndeyekuwedzera masere ekuchengetedza mvura maajenti kune dhaka kongiri, kazhinji sarudza hydroxypropyl methyl. kana methyl Cellulose, iyo viscosity yakatarwa iri pakati pe20000-60000cps, uye mari yekuwedzera i2% -3%.Mwero wekuchengetedza mvura unogona kuwedzerwa kusvika kupfuura 85%.Nzira yekushandiswa mudhaka rekrete ndeyekusanganisa poda yakaoma zvakafanana uye kuidurura mumvura.
(4) Mukupura gypsum, yakasungwa gypsum, caulking gypsum:
Nekukurumidza kusimukira kweindasitiri yekuvaka, kudiwa kwevanhu kwezvinhu zvitsva zvekuvaka kuri kuwedzerawo zuva nezuva.Nekuda kwekuwedzera kwekuziva kwevanhu nezvekuchengetedzwa kwezvakatipoteredza uye nekuenderera mberi kwekuvandudzwa kwekuvaka, zvigadzirwa zve cementitious gypsum zvakakura nekukurumidza.Parizvino, zvigadzirwa zvegypsum zvakajairika kupurasita gypsum, bonded gypsum, inlaid gypsum, uye mataira anonamira.Plastering gypsum ndeyemhando yepamusoro yekupurasita zvinhu zvemukati madziro uye sirin'i.Rusvingo rwakanamwa nawo rwakanaka uye rwakatsetseka.Iyo nyowani yekuvaka light board inonamira chinhu chinonamira chakagadzirwa negypsum seyakadzika zvinhu uye akasiyana ekuwedzera.Iyo yakakodzera kusungirirana pakati peakasiyana inorganic kuvaka madziro zvinhu.Haisi-chepfu, isina kunhuhwirira, simba rekutanga uye kumisa nekukurumidza, kusungirira kwakasimba uye humwe hunhu, chinhu chinotsigira mapuranga ekuvaka uye kuvaka block;gypsum caulking agent is gap filler pakati pegypsum board uye yekugadziridza filler yemadziro uye makatsemuka.Izvi zvigadzirwa zvegypsum zvine mutsara wemabasa akasiyana.Pamusoro pebasa regypsum uye mafirita ane hukama, nyaya yakakosha ndeyekuti iyo yakawedzera cellulose ether additives inoita basa rinotungamira.Sezvo gypsum yakakamurwa kuita anhydrous gypsum uye hemihydrate gypsum, gypsum yakasiyana ine mhedzisiro yakasiyana pakuita kwechigadzirwa, saka kukora, kuchengetwa kwemvura uye kunonoka kunoona kunaka kwezvigadzirwa zvekuvaka gypsum.Dambudziko rinowanzoitika rezvinhu izvi nderokuchera uye kuputika, uye simba rekutanga harigoni kusvika.Kugadzirisa dambudziko iri, ndiko kusarudza rudzi rwe cellulose uye nzira yekushandiswa kwekomboni ye retarder.Panyaya iyi, methyl kana hydroxypropyl methyl 30000 inowanzosarudzwa.-60000cps, iyo yekuwedzera mari ndeye 1.5% -2%.Pakati pavo, cellulose inotarisa pakuchengetedza mvura uye kudzoreredza lubrication.Zvisinei, hazvibviri kuvimba ne cellulose ether se retarder, uye zvakakosha kuwedzera citric acid retarder kusanganisa uye kushandisa pasina kukanganisa simba rekutanga.Kuchengetwa kwemvura kunowanzo reva kuti yakawanda sei mvura inorasika yega pasina kutorwa kwemvura kunze.Kana madziro akanyanya kuoma, kunyura kwemvura uye kubuda kwechisikigo pachigadziko kuchaita kuti zvinhu zvirasikirwe nemvura nekukasira, uye kuputika nekutsemuka kuchaitika zvakare.Iyi nzira yekushandiswa inosanganiswa nehupfu hwakaoma.Kana iwe ukagadzirira mhinduro, tapota tarisa kune nzira yekugadzirira yemhinduro.
(5) Thermal insulation mortar
Insulation mortar imhando nyowani yemukati madziro ekudzivirira zvinhu mudunhu rekuchamhembe.Icho chinhu chemadziro chakagadzirwa nekuisa insulation, dhaka uye binder.Muchinyorwa ichi, cellulose inoita basa rakakosha mukubatanidza uye kuwedzera simba.Kazhinji sarudza methyl cellulose ine viscosity yakakwirira (inenge 10000eps), iyo dosage inowanzo pakati pe2 ‰-3 ‰), uye nzira yekushandisa yakaoma poda kusanganisa.
(6) interface mumiririri
Sarudza HPNC 20000cps yemushandisi weinterface, sarudza 60000cps kana kupfuura yekunamira mataira, uye tarisa pane gobvu mune interface agent, iyo inogona kuvandudza kusimba kwesimba uye anti-museve simba.Inoshandiswa sechinhu chinochengeta mvura mukubatana kwematiles kudzivirira matiles kubva pakupedza mvura nekukasira nekudonha.
3. Indasitiri cheni mamiriro
(1) Indasitiri yekumusoro
Zvigadzirwa zvikuru zvinodiwa pakugadzirwa kweselulosi ether zvinosanganisira donje rakanatswa (kana kuti pulp yehuni) uye mamwe makemikari anonyungudutsa, akadai sepropylene oxide, methyl chloride, liquid caustic soda, caustic soda, ethylene oxide, toluene nezvimwe zvinhu zvinobatsira.Iwo ekumusoro indasitiri mabhizinesi eindastiri iyi anosanganisira yakanatswa donje, huni pulp kugadzira mabhizinesi uye mamwe mabhizinesi emakemikari.Kuchinja-chinja kwemitengo yezvinhu zvadudzwa pamusoro apa kuchave nemadhigirii akasiyana ekukanganisa pamutengo wekugadzira uye mutengo wekutengesa we cellulose ether.
Mutengo wekotoni yakanatswa yakanyanya kukwirira.Kutora zvinhu zvekuvaka giredhi cellulose ether semuenzaniso, panguva yekubika, mutengo wekotoni yakanatswa yakaverengera 31.74%, 28.50%, 26.59% uye 26.90% yemutengo wekutengesa wekuvaka giredhi cellulose ether zvichiteerana.Kuchinja kwemutengo wekotoni yakanatswa kuchakanganisa mutengo wekugadzira cellulose ether.Chinhu chikuru chekugadzirwa kwekotoni yakacheneswa ikotoni linters.Cotton linters ndeimwe yezvigadzirwa mukugadzira donje, inonyanya kushandiswa kugadzira donje pulp, rakanatswa donje, nitrocellulose uye zvimwe zvigadzirwa.Iko kukosha kwekushandisa uye kushandiswa kwekotoni linters nekotoni zvakasiyana chaizvo, uye mutengo wayo zviri pachena wakaderera pane wekotoni, asi ine kumwe kuwirirana nemutengo wekuchinja kwekotoni.Kuchinja-chinja kwemutengo wekotoni linters kunokanganisa mutengo wekotoni yakanatswa.
Iko kuchinjika kwakanyanya mumutengo wedonje rakacheneswa kuchave neakasiyana madhigirii ekukanganisa pakutonga kwemitengo yekugadzira, mutengo wechigadzirwa uye pundutso yemabhizinesi muindasitiri ino.Kana mutengo wekotoni yakanatswa wakakwira uye mutengo wehuni pulp wakaderera, kuitira kuderedza mutengo, matanda ehuni anogona kushandiswa sechinotsiva uye kuwedzera kwedonje rakanatswa, kunyanya kugadzirwa kwe cellulose ethers ine yakaderera viscosity senge. mishonga uye chikafu giredhi cellulose ethers.Zvinoenderana nedata kubva pawebhusaiti yeNational Bureau of Statistics, muna 2013, nzvimbo yekudyara donje munyika yangu yaive mahekita 4.35 miriyoni, uye donje renyika rakabuda raive 6,31 miriyoni matani.Zvinoenderana nenhamba dzakabva kuChina Cellulose Industry Association, muna 2014, kuburitsa kwedonje rakanatswa rakagadzirwa nevagadziri vedonje rakanatswa mudzimba raive matani 332,000, uye kupihwa kwemidziyo yakawanda.
Iyo mikuru yezvigadzirwa zvekugadzira graphite makemikari emidziyo isimbi uye graphite kabhoni.Mutengo wesimbi uye graphite kabhoni unotora chikamu chakakwirira chemutengo wekugadzira wezvigadzirwa zvemakemikari egraphite.Kuchinja kwemitengo yezvinhu izvi mbishi kuchave nekukanganisa pamutengo wekugadzira uye mutengo wekutengesa wezvigadzirwa zvemakemikari emagraphite.
(2) Kudzika indasitiri ye cellulose ether
Se "industrial monosodium glutamate", cellulose ether ine chikamu chakaderera che cellulose ether uye ine huwandu hwakawanda hwekushandisa.Maindasitiri epasi akapararira mune zvese zvehupenyu muhupfumi hwenyika.
Kazhinji, iyo indasitiri yekuvaka yepasi uye indasitiri yezvivakwa ichave nemhedzisiro pakukura kwekuda kwekuvaka giredhi cellulose ether.Kana iyo indasitiri yekuvaka mudzimba uye indasitiri yezvivakwa iri kukura nekukurumidza, kudiwa kwemusika wepamba kwekuvaka giredhi cellulose ether iri kukura nekukurumidza.Kana huwandu hwekukura kweindasitiri yekuvaka dzimba uye indasitiri yezvivakwa ichidzikira, chiyero chekukura kwekuda kwekuvaka giredhi cellulose ether mumusika wepamba inodzikira, izvo zvichawedzera kukwikwidza muindasitiri iyi uye nekumhanyisa maitiro ekupona. yakanyanya kukwana pakati pemabhizinesi mune iyi indasitiri.
Kubva 2012, mumamiriro ekuderera kweindasitiri yekuvaka yedzimba uye indasitiri yezvivakwa, kudiwa kwekuvaka giredhi cellulose ether mumusika wepamba hakuna kushanduka zvakanyanya.Zvikonzero zvikuru ndezvi: 1. Huwandu hwese hweindasitiri yekuvaka mudzimba uye indasitiri yezvivakwa yakakura, uye huwandu hwemusika hunodiwa hwakakura;Musika mukuru wevatengi wezvigadzirwa zvekuvaka giredhi cellulose ether iri kuwedzera zvishoma nezvishoma kubva munzvimbo dzakasimukira hupfumi uye yekutanga- uye yechipiri-tier maguta kuenda kumatunhu epakati nekumadokero nemaguta echitatu-tier, kudiwa kwemba kukura kugona uye kuwedzera nzvimbo;2. Chikamu che cellulose ether yakawedzerwa mumutengo wezvigadzirwa zvekuvaka yakaderera, uye mari inoshandiswa nemutengi mumwe chete iduku, uye vatengi vakapararira, izvo zvinowanzoita kudiwa kwakasimba, uye kudiwa kwese mumusika wepasi kune zvishoma. stable;3. Shanduko yemutengo wemusika chinhu chakakosha chinokanganisa kudiwa kwechimiro chekuchinja kwezvinhu zvekuvaka giredhi cellulose ether.Kubva 2012, mutengo wekutengesa wezvigadzirwa zvekuvaka giredhi cellulose ether wakaderera zvakanyanya, izvo zvakonzera kuderera kukuru kwemutengo wepakati-kusvika-yepamusoro-yekupedzisira zvigadzirwa, kukwezva vatengi vakawanda kutenga uye kusarudza, kuwedzera kudiwa kwepakati-kusvika. -zvigadzirwa zvepamusoro-soro, uye kusvina kudiwa kwemusika uye nzvimbo yemitengo yemhando dzakajairwa.
Dhigirii rekusimudzira indasitiri yemishonga uye kukura kweindasitiri yemishonga kuchakanganisa kudiwa kwemishonga giredhi cellulose ether.Kuvandudzwa kwemararamiro evanhu uye indasitiri yezvikafu yakagadziridzwa inobatsira kufambisa kudiwa kwemusika kwechikafu-giredhi cellulose ether.
4. Kuvandudza Maitiro eCellulose Ether
Nekuda kwekusiyana kwemaitiro mukudiwa kwemusika kweselulosi ether, makambani ane masimba akasiyana uye kushaya simba anogona kugarisana.Tichifunga nezvekusiyanisa kwakajeka kwemaitiro ekudiwa kwemusika, vanogadzira cellulose ether vepamba vakatora nzira dzakasiyana dzemakwikwi zvichienderana nekusimba kwavo, uye panguva imwecheteyo, vanofanirwa kubata maitiro ekusimudzira uye kutungamira kwemusika zvakanaka.
(1) Kuve nechokwadi chekugadzikana kwemhando yechigadzirwa ichave iri musimboti wekukwikwidza poindi ye cellulose ether mabhizinesi.
Cellulose ether inoverengera chikamu chidiki chemitengo yekugadzira yemabhizinesi mazhinji epasi muindastiri ino, asi ine simba guru pamhando yechigadzirwa.Mapoka evatengi epakati-kusvika-yepamusoro anofanirwa kupinda nemubvunzo dzemafomula asati ashandisa imwe mhando ye cellulose ether.Mushure mekugadzira chimiro chakagadzikana, kazhinji hazvisi nyore kutsiva mamwe marongerwo ezvigadzirwa, uye panguva imwecheteyo, zvinodiwa zvepamusoro zvinoiswa pahutano hwakagadzikana hwe cellulose ether.Chiitiko ichi chakanyanya kutariswa muminda yepamusoro-soro senge mahombe ekugadzira zvinhu zvekuvakisa kumba nekune dzimwe nyika, mishonga yemishonga, yekuwedzera chikafu, uye PVC.Kuti uvandudze kukwikwidzana kwezvigadzirwa, vagadziri vanofanira kuona kuti hutano uye kugadzikana kwezvikwata zvakasiyana zve cellulose ether zvavanopa zvinogona kuchengetedzwa kwenguva yakareba, kuitira kuti vagadzire mukurumbira wemusika.
(2) Kuvandudza huwandu hwechigadzirwa chekushandisa tekinoroji ndiyo nzira yekuvandudza yemabhizinesi emumba cellulose ether
Nekuwedzera kuri kuita tekinoroji yekugadzira cellulose ether, mwero wepamusoro wetekinoroji yekushandisa unobatsira kuvandudzwa kwemakwikwi akazara emabhizinesi uye kuumbwa kwehukama hwakagadzikana hwevatengi.Makambani anozivikanwa e-cellulose ether munyika dzakabudirira anonyanya kutora nzira yemakwikwi e "kutarisana nevatengi vepamusoro-soro + kuvandudza kushandiswa nekushandiswa kwepasi" kugadzira cellulose ether kushandiswa uye mafomula ekushandisa, uye kugadzirisa nhevedzano yezvigadzirwa zvinoenderana neakasiyana akapatsanurwa mashandisirwo minda. kufambisa kushandiswa kwevatengi, uye kurima kudiwa kwemusika wepasi.Makwikwi emabhizimusi e-cellulose ether munyika dzakabudirira abva pakupinda kwechigadzirwa kuenda kumakwikwi mumunda wehunyanzvi hwekushandisa.
Nguva yekutumira: Feb-27-2023