Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose imhando ye-non-ionic cellulose yakasanganiswa ether.Kusiyana neionic methyl carboxymethyl cellulose yakasanganiswa ether, haiite nesimbi inorema.Nekuda kwekusiyana kwakasiyana kwemethoxyl yemukati uye hydroxypropyl yemukati mune hydroxypropyl methylcellulose uye akasiyana viscosities, kune akawanda marudzi ane akasiyana zvimiro, semuenzaniso, yakakwira methoxyl yemukati uye yakaderera hydroxypropyl yemukati Kuita kwayo kuri pedyo neiyo methyl cellulose, nepo iyo yakaderera. methoxyl yemukati uye yakakwira hydroxypropyl yemukati iri padyo neiyo yehydroxypropyl methyl cellulose.Zvisinei, mune imwe neimwe yakasiyana-siyana, kunyange zvazvo zvishoma zvishoma zveboka re hydroxypropyl kana zvishoma zveboka re methoxyl ririmo, kune misiyano mikuru mukunyungudika mune organic solvents kana flocculation tembiricha mune aqueous mhinduro.
(1) Solubility zvimiro zve hydroxypropyl methylcellulose
①Solubility yehydroxypropyl methylcellulose mumvura Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ichokwadi imhando yemethylcellulose yakagadziridzwa nepropylene oxide (methoxypropylene), saka ichine zvimiro zvakafanana nemethyl cellulose Cellulose ine hunhu hwakafanana hwekunyungudika kwemvura inotonhora uye kusapinda kwemvura inopisa.Nekudaro, nekuda kweiyo yakagadziridzwa hydroxypropyl boka, iyo gelation tembiricha mumvura inopisa yakakwira zvakanyanya kupfuura iyo yemethyl cellulose.Semuenzaniso, viscosity yehydroxypropyl methylcellulose aqueous solution ine 2% methoxy content substitution degree DS=0.73 uye hydroxypropyl content MS=0.46 is 500 mpa·s pa20°C, uye tembiricha yayo yegel Inogona kusvika pedyo ne100°C, ukuwo. methyl cellulose patembiricha imwe chete ingangoita 55°C.Kana iri yekunyungudika kwayo mumvura, yakagadziridzwawo zvakanyanya.Semuyenzaniso, iyo pulverized hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (granular shape 0.2 ~ 0.5mm pa 20°C ine 4% aqueous solution viscosity ye2pa•s inogona kutengwa Pakakamuri tembiricha, inonyungudika nyore mumvura isina kutonhodzwa.
②Solubility yehydroxypropyl methylcellulose muorganic solvents Kunyungudika kwehydroxypropyl methylcellulose muorganic solvents zvakare kuri nani pane iyo yemethylcellulose.Pamusoro pezvigadzirwa zviri pamusoro pe2.1, high-viscosity hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ine hydroxypropyl MS=1.5~1.8 uye methoxy DS=0.2~1.0, ine dhigirii yakazara yekutsiva pamusoro pe1.8, inonyungudika muanhydrous methanol uye ethanol solutions Medium, uye mvura-soluble. .Iyo zvakare inonyungudika mu chlorinated hydrocarbons senge methylene chloride uye chloroform, uye organic solvents senge acetone, isopropanol uye diacetone doro.Kunyungudika kwayo muorganic solvents kuri nani pane kunyungudika kwemvura.
(2) Zvinhu zvinokanganisa viscosity ye hydroxypropyl methylcellulose Iyo yakajairwa viscosity determination yehydroxypropyl methylcellulose yakafanana nemamwe ma cellulose ethers, uye inoyerwa pa20 ° C ne 2% aqueous solution seyakajairwa.Iyo viscosity yechigadzirwa chimwe chete inowedzera nekuwedzera kwehuwandu.Kune zvigadzirwa zvine huremu hwakasiyana hwema molecular pachikamu chimwe chete, chigadzirwa chine uremu hukuru hwemamorekuru chine viscosity yakakwirira.Hukama hwayo nekupisa hwakafanana neyemethyl cellulose.Kana tembiricha ichikwira, viscosity inotanga kuderera, asi kana yasvika kune imwe tembiricha, viscosity inongoerekana yasimuka uye gelation inoitika.Iyo tembiricha yegel yezvinhu zvakaderera-viscosity yakakwira.zvakakwirira.Iyo gel point haina kungoenderana chete neiyo viscosity ye ether, asi zvakare yakabatana neyekuumbwa chiyero chemethoxyl boka uye hydroxypropyl boka muether uye ukuru hweiyo yakazara inotsiva degree.Izvo zvinofanirwa kucherechedzwa kuti hydroxypropyl methylcellulose iri zvakare pseudoplastic, uye mhinduro yayo yakagadzikana pakamuri tembiricha pasina chero kushatisa muviscosity kunze kwekugona kwekukanganisa enzymatic.
(3) Kushivirira kwemunyu kwehydroxypropyl methylcellulose Sezvo hydroxypropyl methylcellulose isiri-ionic ether, haina ionise mumvura yemvura, kusiyana nemamwe ionic cellulose ethers, Semuyenzaniso, carboxymethyl cellulose inopindirana neheavy metal ions uye inodonha mumhinduro.General salt senge chloride, bromide, phosphate, nitrate, etc. haigone kudonha kana yawedzerwa kune yayo aqueous solution.Zvisinei, kuwedzerwa kwemunyu kune imwe simba pane flocculation tembiricha yayo aqueous mhinduro.Kana kuwedzera kwemunyu kunowedzera, kupisa kwegel kunoderera.Kana iyo munyu yemunyu iri pasi peiyo flocculation point, iyo viscosity yemhinduro inowedzera kuwedzera.Nokudaro, imwe chiyero chemunyu inowedzerwa., mukushandisa, inogona kuwana thickening maitiro zvakanyanya mune zvehupfumi.Naizvozvo, mune mamwe maapplication, zviri nani kushandisa musanganiswa we cellulose ether uye munyu pane yakanyanya kuwanda kwemhinduro ye ether kuti uwane iyo thickening mhedzisiro.
(4) Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose acid uye alkali resistance Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose inowanzogadzikana kune acids uye alkalis, uye haina kukanganiswa muhuwandu hwepH 2 ~ 12.Inogona kumira imwe chiyero cheChiedza acids, senge formic acid, acetic acid, citric acid, succinic acid, phosphoric acid, boric acid, etc. Asi yakanyanyisa asidhi ine mhedzisiro yekudzikisa viscosity.Alkalis yakadai se caustic soda, caustic potash uye lime mvura haina simba pairi, asi inogona kuwedzera zvishoma viscosity yemhinduro, uye zvishoma nezvishoma inoderedza.
(5) Kuenderana kwehydroxypropyl methylcellulose Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose mhinduro inogona kusanganiswa nemvura-inonyungudika yepolymer makomisheni kuita yunifomu uye yakajeka mhinduro ine yakakwirira viscosity.Aya mapolymer compounds anosanganisira polyethylene glycol, polyvinyl acetate, polysilicone, polymethylvinylsiloxane, hydroxyethyl cellulose, uye methyl cellulose.Natural high molecular compounds senge gum arabic, mhashu bhinzi gum, karaya gum, nezvimwewo zvakare zvine kuenderana kwakanaka nemhinduro yayo.Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose inogonawo kusanganiswa nemannitol ester kana sorbitol ester ye stearic acid kana palmitic acid, uye inogonawo kusanganiswa ne glycerin, sorbitol uye mannitol, uye mishonga iyi inogona kushandiswa se hydroxypropyl methylcellulose Plasticizer ye cellulose.
(6) Insoluble water-soluble cellulose ethers yehydroxypropyl methylcellulose inokwanisa kuita pamusoro-inosangana nealdehydes, kuitira kuti idzi ether-soluble ethers dziwedzere mumushonga uye dzive dzisina kunyungudika mumvura.Iyo aldehydes inoita hydroxypropyl methylcellulose insoluble inosanganisira formaldehyde, glyoxal, succinic aldehyde, adipaldehyde, etc. Paunenge uchishandisa formaldehyde, kunyanya kukoshesa kunofanira kubhadharwa kune pH kukosha kwekugadzirisa, pakati peiyo glyoxal inokurumidza kukurumidza , saka glyoxal inowanzoshandiswa se crosslinking. mumiririri mukugadzirwa kwemaindasitiri.Huwandu hwemhando iyi yemuchinjiko wekubatanidza mugadziriso ndeye 0.2% ~ 10% yehuremu hweether, zviri nani 7% ~ 10%, semuenzaniso, 3.3% ~ 6% yeglyoxal ndiyo yakanyanya kufanira.Kazhinji, tembiricha yekurapa ndeye 0 ~ 30 ℃, uye nguva iri 1 ~ 120min.Iyo yekuyambuka-inobatanidza reaction inoda kuitwa pasi pemamiriro e acidic.Kazhinji, mhinduro inotanga yawedzerwa ne inorganic yakasimba asidhi kana organic carboxylic acid kugadzirisa pH yemhinduro kusvika 2 ~ 6, zviri nani pakati pe 4 ~ 6, uye wobva wawedzera aldehydes kuita muchinjiko-inobatanidza kuita.Asidhi yakashandiswa ine hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, formic acid, acetic acid, hydroxyacetic acid, succinic acid kana citric acid nezvimwewo, umo ine formic acid kana acetic acid inokurudzirwa, uye formic asidhi yakanaka.Iyo asidhi uye aldehyde inogona zvakare kuwedzerwa panguva imwe chete kubvumira mhinduro kuti iite muchinjiko-inobatanidza kuita mukati meinodiwa pH renji.Kuita uku kunowanzo shandiswa mukugadzirisa kwekupedzisira kwekurapa mugadziriro yekugadzira cellulose ethers.Mushure mekunge cellulose ether isinganyunguriki, zviri nyore kushandisa
20 ~ 25 ℃ mvura yekugeza uye kuchenesa.Kana chigadzirwa chacho chiri kushandiswa, alkaline zvinhu zvinogona kuwedzerwa kune mhinduro yechigadzirwa kugadzirisa pH yemhinduro kuti ive alkaline, uye chigadzirwa chichanyunguduka mumhinduro nokukurumidza.Iyi nzira inoshandiswawo pakurapwa kwefirimu mushure mekunge selulosi ether solution inogadzirwa mufirimu kuti iite firimu isingagadziriswi.
(7) Enzyme kuramba ye hydroxypropyl methylcellulose Muchirevo, zvinyorwa zve cellulose, senge boka rakasungirirwa rakatsiviwa paboka rega rega reanhydroglucose, hazvitambudzike nekukukurwa kwehutachiona, asi Muchokwadi, kana kukosha kwechigadzirwa chakapedzwa kuchipfuura 1, ichaita. zvakare kuderedzwa nema enzymes, izvo zvinoreva kuti dhigirii yekutsiviwa kweboka rega rega pane cellulose cheni haina yunifomu yakakwana, uye ma microorganisms anogona kukanganisa pane isina kutsiva anhydroglucose boka.Shuga inoumbwa uye inotorwa sechikafu chemicroorganisms.Naizvozvo, kana dhigirii rekutsiva etherification ye cellulose richiwedzera, kuramba enzymatic erosion ye cellulose ether kuchawedzerawo.Maererano nemishumo, pasi pemamiriro ezvinhu akadzorwa, iyo hydrolysis mhedzisiro yema enzymes, iyo yakasara viscosity yehydroxypropyl methylcellulose (DS = 1.9) ndeye 13.2%, methylcellulose (DS = 1.83) ndeye 7.3%, methylcellulose (DS = 1.66) ndeye 3.8%. uye hydroxyethyl cellulose i1.7%.Zvinogona kuonekwa kuti hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ine simba rinopesana ne enzyme.Naizvozvo, iyo yakanakisa enzyme kuramba yehydroxypropyl methylcellulose, yakasanganiswa neiyo yakanaka dispersibility, thickening uye firimu-kugadzira zvinhu, inoshandiswa mumvura-emulsion coatings, nezvimwewo, uye kazhinji haidi kuwedzera zvinodzivirira.Zvisinei, nokuda kwekuchengetwa kwenguva refu kwechigadziro kana kusvibiswa kunobvira kubva kunze, zvinodzivirira zvinogona kuwedzerwa sechidziviriro, uye sarudzo inogona kugadziriswa maererano nezvinodiwa zvekupedzisira zvekugadzirisa.Phenylmercuric acetate uye manganese fluorosilicate zvinochengetedza zvinobudirira, asi zvese zvine Toxicity, kutarisisa kunofanirwa kubhadharwa kune oparesheni.Kazhinji, 1 ~ 5mg ye phenylmercury acetate inogona kuwedzerwa kune mhinduro parita yedhesi.
(8) Kuita kwe hydroxypropyl methylcellulose firimu Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ine yakanakisa firimu-kugadzira zvinhu.Yayo aqueous solution kana organic solvent solution yakaputirwa pandiro yegirazi, uye inova yakasununguka mushure mekuoma.Ruvara, yakajeka uye yakaoma firimu.Iine hunyoro hwakanaka hwekudzivisa uye inoramba yakasimba pakupisa kwepamusoro.Kana hygroscopic plasticizer yakawedzerwa, kureba kwayo uye kuchinjika kunogona kuvandudzwa.Panyaya yekuvandudza kushanduka, mapurasitiki akadai se glycerin uye sorbitol ndiyo inonyanya kukodzera.Kazhinji, kugadziriswa kwekugadzirisa ndeye 2% ~ 3%, uye huwandu hweplasticizer i10% ~ 20% ye cellulose ether.Kana zviri mukati meplasticizer zvakanyanyisa, colloidal dehydration shrinkage ichaitika pakunyorova kwepamusoro.Kusimba kwekusimba kwefirimu neplasticizer yakawedzerwa yakakura kudarika iyo isina plasticizer, uye inowedzera nekuwedzera kwehuwandu hwakawedzerwa.Kana iri hygroscopicity yefirimu, inowedzerawo nekuwedzera kwehuwandu hweplasticizer.
Nguva yekutumira: Zvita-20-2022