1. Zvinodiwa zvekuchengetwa kwemvura
Marudzi ese emidziyo inoda dhaka yekuvaka ine imwe mwero wekunyudza kwemvura. Pashure pokunge chigadziko cheshuwa chinotora mvura muduri, kutongwa kwakasimba kuchaora, uye zvakakonzeresa simba pakati pehusimbe. Kana iyo moturu yeplastering ine chekuchengetwa kwemvura inokwanisika, haigone kuvandudza kushanda kwekuvaka kwemutya, asi zvakare kuita kuti mvura iri mudura iome kuyamwiswa neyekushambadzira uye kuve nechokwadi cheiyo hydration yeiyo simende.
2. Zvinetso neNetsika Yemvura Yemvura Nzira
Mhinduro yechinyakare ndeyekudiridza chigadziko, asi hazvigoneke kuve nechokwadi chekuti chigadziko chakanyoroveswa. Iyo yakakodzera hydration chinangwa cheiyo coment musicar ndeyekuti chigadzirwa chehydration chinobata mvura pamwe nechigadziko, uye chinoumba chinobatanidza "nechigadziko chesimba rinodiwa. Kudiridza zvakananga pamusoro pechisimba kuchakonzera kuparadzwa kwakakomba mumvura kubhururuka kwechigadziko nekuda kwemisiyano mukushisa, nekudiridza nguva, uye kudiridza kufanana. Iyo base ine mashoma mvura yekunyudza uye icharamba ichitora mvura iri muduri. Usati waitwa hydration inoenderera, mvura yacho inodhonzwa, iyo inokanganisa hydration uye kupinza kwehydration zvigadzirwa mumatare; Iyo chigadziko chine mvura hombe yemvura, uye mvura iri muduri inoyerera pachigadziko. Iyo yepakati yekufambisa inomhanya inononoka, uye kunyange iyo inofuma yemvura yakaumbwa pakati peguruva uye matrix, iyo inokanganisawo kusungwa kwesangano. Naizvozvo, uchishandisa iyo yakajairika yekudiridza nzira yekudiridza ichingokundikana kunyatsogadzirisa dambudziko remvura yakakwira yekukwira kwemadziro, asi ichakanganisa simba rekubatanidza pakati pehudyu uye chigadziko, zvichikonzera kupaza uye kupaza.
3. Zvinodiwa zvevhu akasiyana mauto ekuchengeta mvura
Iyo yekuchengetwa kwemvura zviyero zvekupururudza zvigadzirwa zvinoshandiswa mune imwe nzvimbo uye munzvimbo dzine nzvimbo dzekupusa uye humidity mamiriro anokurudzirwa pazasi.
①HGH GRIOL KUSVIRA SUPENT SIMBA ROPA MUFANANIDZO
Mvura yakakwira yekukwira inomirirwa nemhepo-yakamiswa kongiri, kusanganisira dzakasiyana-siyana dzakareruka mabhodhi, zvidhinha, etc. Iyo plasingering motsi inoshandiswa kune urwu rudzi rwechigadziko runofanirwa kuve nemvura yekuchengetwa kwemvura yekushayikwa kupfuura 88%.
Žlow mvura inobata substrate plastertering frar
Mvura yakadzika yekunyudzwa inomiririrwa neakakomberedzwa-munzvimbo kongiri, kusanganisira mapuranga emadziro emadziro ekunze, etc., ane zvishoma mvura yekunyora. Iyo plasingering motsi inoshandiswa kune substrate yakadaro inofanira kuve neyakaganhurana kwemvura chiyero chisingasviki 88%.
③TH Layer Plasingering Dorar
Kutetepa-layer plastering inotaura nezvekuvakwa kwepuranga nechirongwa chakarembera pakati pe3 kusvika 8 mm. Rudzi urwu rwekuparadza kuvaka kuri nyore kurasikirwa unyoro nekuda kweiyo yakatetepa yakavharika dura, iyo inokanganisa basa uye simba. Kune dutu rinoshandiswa kune urwu rudzi rwekuparadza, huwandu hwayo hwemvura harizizi pasi pe99%.
④tick layer inopararira motsi
Gobvu rakarukwa rinoputika rinoreva nezvekuvakwa kwekuvhara uko uko ukobvu kweimwe clastering layer iri pakati pe 8mm uye 20mm. Rudzi urwu rwekuparadza kuvaka hazvisi nyore kupererwa nemvura nekuda kweiyo gobvu kupuruzika layer, saka iyo mvura yekuchengetwa kwemvura yekupararira haifanire kunge isiri pasi pe88%.
⑤water-inodzivirira putty
Mvura-Inodzivirira Putty inoshandiswa seiyo Ultra-yakatetepa yakajeka zvinhu, uye huwandu hwakakura hwekuvhara riri pakati pe1 ne 2mm. Zvinhu zvakadaro zvinoda zvakanyanyisa mvura yekuchengetwa kwemvura kuti ive nechokwadi chekushanda kwavo uye kusungwa kwesimba. Zvekushandisa Putty, marere aro emvura haafanire kunge asingasviki 99%, uye huwandu hwekuchengetwa kwemvura hwekutarisirwa kwemadziro ekunze hunofanirwa kuve hwakakura kupfuura hwekutakura hwemadziro emukati.
4. Mhando dzemvura-yekuchengetedza mvura
Cellulose ether
1) Methyl Cellulose ether (mc)
2) hydroxyprupyl methyl cellelose ether (hpmc)
3) HydroxytHyl Cellulose ether (Hec)
4) Carboxymethyl Cellulose ether (cmc)
5) hydroxytHyl methyl cellelose ether (hemc)
Starch ether
1) Yakagadziridzwa Starch Ether
2) guar ether
Yakagadziridzwa mineral mvura-inochengetedza thickener (mostimoni, buntonite, nezvimwewo)
Shanu, zvinotevera zvinotarisa pakuita kwezvinhu zvakasiyana siyana
1. Cellulose ether
1.1 Overview of cellulose ether
Cellulose ether is a general izwi renhevedzero yezvigadzirwa zvakaumbwa nekuita kweAlkali cellalose uye etheray mumiririri pasi pemamwe mamiriro ezvinhu. Yakasiyana cellulose etana inowanikwa nekuti Alkali fiber inotsiviwa neakasiyana etera etsents. Maererano neIonization Progriynices of yayo sionizer, cellaulose erincithets
Sekureva kwemhando dzevatsidzi, cellaulose eter inogona kukamurwa kuita monethers, yakadai methyl cellerulose ether (mc), yakavakanwa sehydroxytl carbolethyl cellemcyl (hecmc). Zvinoenderana nemasangano akasiyana anopera, inogona kukamurwa kuita marudzi maviri: manyorerwo-emvura uye organic solvent-soluble.
1.2 Main Cellulose Varietsies
CarboxyMethylcellose (cmc), degree rinoshanda rekutsiva: 0.4-1.4; etization mumiriri, monooocetic acid; kupera simba solvent, mvura;
Carboxymethyl hydroxytHyl cellulose (cmhec), degree rinoshanda rekutsiva: 0.7-1.0; etization mumiririri, monooxycetic acid, ethylene oxide; kupera simba solvent, mvura;
Methylcellose (mc), degree rinoshanda rekutsiva: 1.5-2.4; etization mumiririri, methyl chloride; kupera simba solvent, mvura;
HydroxyTHETL Cellulose (HEC), degree rinoshanda rekutsiva: 1.3-3.0; etization mumiririri, ethylye oxide; kupera simba solvent, mvura;
HydroxyTHYL Methylcellose (HEMC), Danho Rinoshanda rekutsiva: 1.5-2.0; etization mumiririri, ethylene oxide, methyl chloride; kupera simba solvent, mvura;
Hydroxyprusyl cellulose (HPC), degree rinoshanda rekutsiva: 2.5-3.5; Etheification mumiririri, profily oxide; kupera simba solvent, mvura;
Hydroxyprishlpyl methylcellose (HPMC), degree rinoshanda rekutsiva: 1.5-2.0; etization mumiririri, profyle oxide, methyl chloride; kupera simba solvent, mvura;
Ethyl Cellulose (EC), degree rinoshanda rekutsiva: 2.3-2.6; etization mumiririri, monokloroethane; kupera simba solvent, organic solvent;
Ethyl Hydroxyll Cellulose (ehec), degree rinoshanda rekutsiva: 2.4-2.8; Etetifiyation mumiririri, Monochlororoethane, ethylene oxide; kupera simba solvent, organic solvent;
1.3 Zvivakwa zveCellulose
1.3.1 MetHyl Cellulose ether (MC)
①methylcellose inonyudza mumvura inotonhora, uye zvichave zvakaoma kunyungudika mumvura inopisa. Mhinduro kwayo yemvura yakagadzikana kwazvo mune huwandu hwePH = 3-12. Iyo ine kuwirirana kwakanaka ne starch, guar gum, nezvimwewo uye vazhinji surfachan. Kana tembiricha ichisvika kumhepo tembiricha, gelation inoitika.
Kuchengetwa kwemvura kwemusoro methylcellose kunoenderana nehuwandu hwaro hwekuwedzera, viscosity, tenga zvakajeka uye kupaza mwero. Kazhinji, kana huwandu hwehuwandu hwakakura, hushoma hushoma, uye zvikwangwani zvakakura, kuchengetwa kwemvura kwakakwira. Pakati pavo, huwandu hwekuwedzera hunonyanya kuitwa nekuchengetwa kwemvura, uye viscosity yakaderera haina kuenzana nedanho rekuchengeta mvura. Iyo yekunyungudika chiyero inonyanya kuenderana neiyo degree rekushandurwa kwepasi kweCellulose zvimedu uye tangi. Pakati pevaCellulose eva, methyl cellalose ane yakakwirira mvura yekuchengetwa kwemvura.
Shanduko yekudziya inokanganisa zvakanyanya iyo yemvura yega yega methyl cellelose. Kazhinji, kukwirira kwakanyanya, kwakaipisisa kuchengetwa kwemvura. Kana tembiricha yemota inopfuura makumi mana ° C, kuchengetwa kwemvura methyl cellulose kuchave murombo kwazvo, izvo zvichakanganisa zvakanyanya kuvakwa kwemutya.
④ methyl cellulose ine kukosha kwakakosha pakuvaka uye kushushikana kwemutya. "Kunamatira" pano kunoreva kushushikana kwakanzwika pakati peiyo mushandi weMushandi weMushandi uye substrate, kureva kuti, iyo Shear Ristance yerudzi. Kunamatira kwakakwira, kuparadzwa kuparadzwa kweguruva kwakakura, uye vashandi vanoda simba rakawanda panguva yekushandisa, uye kuita kwekuvaka kwemota kunova murombo. Methyl Cellulose Adernan iri pane imwe nhanho pakati mu cellulose ether zvigadzirwa.
1.3.2 hydroxypruppropyl methyl cellelose ether (hpmc)
HydroxyPropyl methylcellose ndeye chigadzirwa cheFiber icho chinobuda uye chekushandisa chiri kuwedzera nekukurumidza mumakore achangopfuura.
Iyo isiri-ionic cellulose yakasanganiswa ether yakagadzirwa kubva kukotoni yakanatswa mushure mekunge alkalization, uchishandisa Profyl chloride soethingl Iyo degree rekutsiva kazhinji 1.5-2.0. Zvivakwa zvaro zvakasiyana nekuda kweiyo dzakasiyana ratios ye metroxls zvemukati uye hydroxypruppropyl zvemukati. Yakakwira nzira yezvinyorwa uye yakaderera hydroxypruppropyl yezvinyorwa, kuita iri padyo neMethyl Cellulose; Yakaderera nzira yezvinyorwa uye yakakwira hydroxyprupyl zvemukati, kuita iri padyo neHydroxypruppropyl Cellulose.
①hydroxyprupropyl methylcellose inochema mumvura inotonhora, uye zvichave zvakaoma kunyungudika mumvura inopisa. Asi tembiricha yayo yegungwa mumvura inopisa yakakwirira zvakanyanya kupfuura iyo ye methyl cellulose. Iyo solubility mumvura inotonhora inovandudzwa zvakare yakaenzaniswa ne methyl cellulose.
② Iyo viscosity ye hydroxyprupyl methylcellose ine hukama nehurume hwaro, uye yakakwira iyo smecular uremu, yakakwira viscosity. Tembiricha inokanganisawo zvavakaita, sekuwedzera kwekuwedzera, viscosity inoderera. Asi viscosity yayo haina kunyatso kukanganiswa neku tembiricha pane methyl cellelose. Kugadziriswa kwayo kwakasimba kana kuchengetwa pamhepo tembiricha.
Kuchengetwa kwemvura kwehydroxypropyl methylcellose kunoenderana nehuwandu hwayo hwekuwedzera, viscosity, etcomputer yemvura pasi pehuwandu hwekuwedzera pane iyo yeMethyl Cellulose.
④hydroxyprondropyl methylcellose yakamanikidzwa kuAcid naAlkali, uye mhinduro kwayo kwemvura yakagadzikana kwazvo mune huwandu hwePH = 2-12. Caustic soda uye lime mvura ine zvishoma kushanda pane zvayo kuita, asi Alkali inogona kukurumidza kukurumidza kupaza uye zvishoma kuwedzera viscosity yayo. Hydroxyprupyl methylcellose yakachengetwa kune zvakajairika kumaronda, asi kana kusungwa kwemhinduro kwakakwirira, iyo visikopa yehydroxyproslose mhinduro inowanzowedzera kuwedzera.
⑤hydroxyprondropyl methylcellose inogona kusanganiswa nePoluble Polymers kuti aumbe yunifomu uye yakajeka mhinduro ine yepamusoro yepamusoro. Senge polyvinyl doro, starch ether, miriwo gamu, nezvimwe.
⑥ hydroxyprupyl methylcellose ine zvirinani enzyme kuramba kupfuura methylcellose, uye mhinduro kwayo haina kunyatso kusvibiswa ne enzymells pane methylceulose.
⑦The kushamwaridzana kwe hydroxyprupyl methylcellose kune moortar kuvaka yakakwira kupfuura iyo ye methylceulose.
1.3.3 HYDROXYHYL Cellulose Ether (HEC)
Izvo zvinogadzirwa kubva pakunyatsonatswa Iyo degree rekutsiva kazhinji 1.5-2.0. Iyo ine hydrophilikuti yakasimba uye iri nyore kutora unyoro.
①hydroxethyl cellelose inonyudza mumvura inotonhora, asi zvakaoma kunyungudika mumvura inopisa. Kugadziriswa kwayo kwakasimba pakupisa kwakanyanya pasina gomba. Inogona kushandiswa kwenguva yakareba iri pasi pekupisa kwakanyanya mudhaka, asi kuchengetwa kwemvura kwayo kwakaderera pane iyo ye methyl cellulose.
②hydroxytroxethyl cellulose yakagadzikana kune general acid naAlkali. Alkali inogona kusimudzira kupaza kwayo uye zvishoma kuwedzera zvavakaita viscosity. Kupararira kwayo mumvura kuri kuipa zvishoma pane iyo ye methyl cellulose uye hydroxypruppropyl methyl cellulose.
③hydroxytroxethyl cellulose ine yakanaka anti-sag performance yedhaka, asi ine nguva yekudzosera nguva yekunyora.
Kuitwa kwehydroxyethyl Cellulose mabhizinesi emba kunogadzirwa zviri pachena pane iyo yakaderera pane iyo ye methyl cellows yemvura yakakwira uye yakakwira yezvinhu zvakakwirira uye yakakwira ASH Zvinyorwa.
1.3.4 CarboxyMethyl Cellerose ether (CMC) inogadzirwa neredhiyo (Cotton, ichishandisa sodium monochlorocade Iyo degree rekutsiva kazhinji kazhinji 0.4-1.4, uye kuita kwayo kunokanganiswa zvakanyanya neiyo degree rekutsiva.
Arcarboxymethyl cellose hygraposcopic, uye ichave neyakaenzana mvura kana yakachengetwa pasi pemamiriro ezvinhu.
②hydroxymikishyl Cellalose mhinduro mhinduro haigadziri gel, uye viscosity ichaderera nekuwedzera kwekushisa. Kana tembiricha ichidarika makumi mashanu ℃, iyo viscosity haina kusarudzika.
③ Kugadzikana kwayo kunokanganiswa kwazvo naPh. Kazhinji, inogona kushandiswa mune gypsum-based moturu, asi kwete mumutero-based moter. Kana alkaline yakawanda, inokanganwa viscosity.
Kuchengetwa kwaro kwemvura kuri kuderera kupfuura kweiyo methyl cellulose. Iyo ine mari yekudzosera pane gypsum-based dours uye inoderedza simba rayo. Nekudaro, mutengo weCarboxyMethyl Cellerose akanyanya kuderera pane iyo ye methyl cellulose.
2. Yakagadziridzwa starch ether
Starch they anainhosvoshandiswiri mumarodhari inoshandurwa kubva kune yakasikwa polysaccharides. Akadai se mbatatisi, chibage, kassava, bhinzi yemapundu, etcc. inoshandurwa kuita zvakasiyana-siyana danho reserare. Dare rehuni rinowanzoshandiswa mudhiri ndere hydroxyprupyl sther, hydroxymethyl steth, etc.
Kazhinji, starch avanoshandurwa kubva pamatata, chibage, uye kassava vane zvakanyanya kudzikira mvura mvura yakawanda kupfuura mhererulose. Nekuda kweiyo degree rayo rakasiyana rekushandurwa, rinoratidza kusimba kwakasiyana kuAcid naAlkali. Zvimwe zvigadzirwa zvakakodzera kushandiswa mune gypsum-based motars, nepo vamwe vasingakwanise kushandiswa mumota-yakavakirwa motsi. Iko kushandiswa kwe strar ether mune motsi kunonyanya kushandiswa seyekadzi kuti uvandudze nzvimbo yekunyepedzera yemutaundi, kuderedza iyo yakanamatira yemotokari, uye inowedzera nguva yekuvhura.
Starch aungana kazhinji anoshandiswa pamwe chete ne cellulose, zvichikonzera zvivakwa zvinoenderana uye zvakanakira zvigadzirwa zviviri. Sezvo Starch Ether zvigadzirwa zvakachipa kupfuura cellulose ether, kushandiswa kwehumwe strar ether mumotokari kuchaunza kuderedzwa kwakakura mumutengo wemutengo werufu.
3. Guar gum ether
Guar gum erther rudzi rwekutsauswa polysaccharide ine zvakakosha zvivakwa, izvo zvinoshandurwa kubva mumabhinzi echisikigo. Kunyanya kuburikidza neiyo erthitation reaction pakati peGuar gum uye acrylic inoshanda mapoka, chimiro chine 2-hydroxypruppropyl mapoka anoumbwa, iyo iri polygalactomannose chimiro.
①compamadzwa ane cellulose ether, guar gum ether zviri nyore kunyungudika mumvura. PH Ph Chaizvoizvo haana kuita basa rekuita kweGuar Gum Erth.
②Ndder mamiriro ezvikamu zvakaderera uye akaderera, Guar gum anogona kutsiva cellulose ether mune yakaenzana mune yakaenzana, uye ine yekuchengetwa kwemvura yakafanana. Asi kuenderana, anti-sag, thixotropy uye zvichingodaro zviri pachena zvakavandudzwa.
③Ndder mamiriro ezvekumusoro visikoka uye hombe dosage, Guar gum haigoni kutsiva cellulose ether, uye kushandiswa kwakasanganiswa kwevaviri vacho kuchaisa kuita kuri nani.
Shanduro yeGuar Gum muGypsum-based Moturu inogona kuderedza zvakanyanya kuderedza panguva yekuvaka uye kuita kuti kuvakwa kwakadzora. Iyo haina kukanganisa simba pane iyo nguva yekuisa uye simba reGypsum Dorar.
⑤ Kana Guari Gum gadziriso kune SEENT-BATHING COMNRY uye Plastering Modert, inogona kutsiva cellulose ether mune yakaenzana mune yakaenzana, uye inoparadza iri nyore kupokana,
⑥In dhaka neyekuru viscosity uye zvakakwirira zvemvura anochengeta mumiririri, Guar Gamu uye cellulose ether achashanda pamwe kuzadzisa mibairo yakanaka.
⑦ GUR Gum inogona zvakare kushandiswa muzvigadzirwa senge tsile anomiririra, anozvimiririra anozvimirira, kupokana kwemvura, uye polymer moturu yekuvhara kwemadziro.
4
Iyo mvura-yekuchengetedza iyo yakakwenenzverwa yakagadzirwa nezvikanganiso zvakasikwa kuburikidza nekugadziridzwa uye kuumbwa kwakaiswa muChina. Maminerari makuru ainyora mitezo inochengetedza mvura ndeye: Bentonite, Montonite, Montonite, Mostonite, etc. Izvi zvicherwa zvine zvimwe zvekuwedzera uye nekukakavara kubudikidza nekugadziridzwa kwakadai sevamiriri vepakati. Rudzi urwu rwemvura-kuchengetedza mhezheni yakaiswa kune motsi ine maitiro anotevera.
① Zvinogona kuvandudza zvakanyanya kuita kwevanhuwo zvavo, uye kugadzirisa matambudziko ekudyara kwesimendi, simba rakaderera remutya rakakamurwa, uye kudzikama kwemvura kurwisa mvura.
② Zvigadzirwa zvemukati zvine masimba akasiyana ezvinyorwa zvezvivakwa zvegoridhe uye zvivakwa zvehurumende zvinogona kugadzirwa.
Mutengo wezvezvinhu zvakaderera.
Kuchengetwa kwemvura kwakaderera pane iyo yeiyo organic mvura yekuchengetwa kwemvura, uye kukosha kwakaoma kwechikepe chakagadzirirwa chevhu kwakakura kwakakura, uye kubatana kwakaderedzwa.
Kutumira Nguva: Mar-03-2023