1.Chemical chimiro:
Formic acid (HCOOH): Iri nyore carboxylic acid ine kemikari formula HCOOH.Inoumbwa neboka re carboxyl (COOH), apo hydrogen inosungirirwa kune kabhoni uye imwe okisijeni inoumba chisungo cheviri nekabhoni.
Sodium formate (HCCONa): Ndiyo sodium munyu wefomic acid.Iyo carboxylic hydrogens mu formic acid inotsiviwa ne sodium ions, ichigadzira sodium fomati.
2. Zvimiro zvemuviri:
Formic acid:
Patembiricha yemumba, formic acid imvura isina ruvara uye inonhuwa.
Kubikira kwayo i100.8 degrees Celsius.
Formic acid inosanganiswa nemvura uye yakawanda organic solvents.
Sodium fomati:
Sodium formate inowanzouya nenzira yewhite hygroscopic powder.
Inonyungudika mumvura asi ine kushomeka kwekunyungudika mune mamwe organic solvents.
Nekuda kwechimiro chayo ionic, komisheni iyi ine nzvimbo yakakwira yekunyungudika kana ichienzaniswa nefomic acid.
3. Asidhi kana alkaline:
Formic acid:
Formic acid iasidhi isina simba iyo inogona kupa mapurotoni (H+) mukuita kwemakemikari.
Sodium fomati:
Sodium formate munyu unobva kune formic acid;haina acid.Mumushonga wemvura, inoora kuita sodium ions (Na+) uye formate ions (HCOO-).
4. Chinangwa:
Formic acid:
Inowanzoshandiswa mukugadzirwa kwematehwe, machira uye dhayi.
Formic acid chinhu chakakosha mukugadziriswa kwematehwe emhuka nematehwe muindasitiri yematehwe.
Inoshandiswa sechinhu chinoderedza uye chekuchengetedza mune mamwe maindasitiri.
Mukurima, inoshandiswa sekuwedzera kwekudya kuvharidzira kukura kwemamwe mabhakitiriya uye fungi.
Sodium fomati:
Sodium formate inoshandiswa se de-icing agent yemigwagwa uye runways.
Inoshandiswa seanoderedza mumiriri muindasitiri yekudhinda uye yekudhaya.
Mushonga uyu unoshandiswa mukuchera madhaka maumbirwo muindasitiri yemafuta negasi.
Sodium formate inoshandiswa seyakavharisa mumiriri mune mamwe maindasitiri maitiro.
5. Kugadzirwa:
Formic acid:
Formic acid inogadzirwa necatalytic hydrogenation yecarbon dioxide kana kuita kwemethanol necarbon monoxide.
Maitiro eindasitiri anosanganisira kushandiswa kwezvinokonzeresa uye tembiricha yepamusoro uye kumanikidza.
Sodium fomati:
Sodium formate inowanzogadzirwa ne neutralizing formic acid ine sodium hydroxide.
Iyo inoguma sodium formate inogona kuparadzaniswa necrystallization kana kuwanikwa mune mhinduro fomu.
6. Chengetedzo dzekuchengetedza:
Formic acid:
Formic acid inoparadza uye inogona kukonzera kupisa kana yasangana neganda.
Kufema kwehupfu hwayo kunogona kukonzera kushatirwa kuhurongwa hwekufema.
Sodium fomati:
Kunyange zvazvo sodium formate inowanzoonekwa seine ngozi pane formic acid, mabatiro akakodzera uye ekuchengetedza ekuchengetedza achiri kuda kutorwa.
Nhungamiro dzekuchengetedza dzinofanirwa kuteverwa kana uchishandisa sodium formate kudzivirira njodzi dzinogona kuitika pahutano.
7. Kukanganisa kwezvakatipoteredza:
Formic acid:
Formic acid inogona biodegrade pasi pemamwe mamiriro.
Kukanganisa kwaro pane zvakatipoteredza kunokonzerwa nezvinhu zvakadai sekufungisisa uye nguva yekuratidzwa.
Sodium fomati:
Sodium formate inowanzoonekwa seine hushamwari kwezvakatipoteredza uye ine yakaderera maitiro pane mamwe ma de-icers.
8. Mutengo uye Kuwanikwa:
Formic acid:
Mutengo wefomic acid unogona kusiyana zvichienderana nenzira yekugadzira uye kuchena.
Inogona kutengwa kubva kune vakasiyana-siyana vatengesi.
Sodium fomati:
Sodium formate inotengeswa nemakwikwi uye kuwanikwa kwayo kunokanganisa kudiwa kubva kumaindasitiri akasiyana.
Yakagadzirirwa ne neutralizing formic acid uye sodium hydroxide.
Formic acid uye sodium formate zvakasiyana makomisheni ane akasiyana zvivakwa uye mashandisirwo.Formic acid iasidhi isina simba inoshandiswa mumhando dzakasiyana siyana dzekushandisa, kubva kumaindasitiri kusvika kune zvekurima, nepo sodium formate, iyo sodium munyu wefomic acid, inoshandiswa munzvimbo dzakaita senge de-icing, machira uye indasitiri yemafuta negasi.Kunzwisisa zvivakwa zvavo kwakakosha pakubata kwakachengeteka uye kushandiswa kunoshanda munzvimbo dzakasiyana siyana.
Nguva yekutumira: Zvita-06-2023